Studi Eksperimental dan Numerik Multi Passive Variable Ptich Blades Terhadap Kinerja Turbin Cascade Vertikal

Naafi, Salman Julian (2026) Studi Eksperimental dan Numerik Multi Passive Variable Ptich Blades Terhadap Kinerja Turbin Cascade Vertikal. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Turbin hidrokinetik merupakan salah satu teknologi energi terbarukan yang dapat memanfaatkan energi kinetik aliran air sungai, kanal, maupun arus laut tanpa memerlukan bendungan. Namun, turbin sumbu vertikal masih memiliki beberapa kendala, seperti kemampuan self-starting yang rendah, fluktuasi torsi, dan efisiensi konversi energi yang belum optimal pada kecepatan aliran rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh konfigurasi multi passive-pitch blades terhadap performa turbin hidrokinetik cascade vertikal menggunakan pendekatan eksperimen dan simulasi numerik. Turbin yang digunakan memiliki profil bilah NACA 0018 dengan lima konfigurasi, yaitu fixed, 2 bilah dalam passive pitch, tengah fixed, 2 bilah luar passive pitch, dan semua bilah passive. Variasi kecepatan aliran yang digunakan adalah 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 1.0, dan 1.2 m/s. Parameter performa yang dianalisis meliputi self-start, RPM, tip speed ratio (TSR), coefficient of power (Cp), torsi, serta fenomena aliran melalui kontur velocity dan pressure. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme passive pitch mampu meningkatkan performa turbin dibandingkan konfigurasi fixed. Konfigurasi semua bilah passive menghasilkan RPM tertinggi sebesar 70.26 RPM pada kecepatan 1.2 m/s dan menunjukkan waktu self-start tercepat sebesar 0.11 s pada kecepatan yang sama. Dari sisi efisiensi, konfigurasi semua bilah passive menunjukkan performa paling stabil dengan nilai Cp sebesar 0.3555 pada kecepatan 0.8 m/s dan tetap relatif tinggi pada kecepatan 1.0-1.2 m/s. Sementara itu, konfigurasi tengah fixed menghasilkan nilai Cp maksimum tertinggi sebesar 0.3649 pada kecepatan 0.6 m/s. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, konfigurasi semua bilah passive direkomendasikan untuk memperoleh RPM dan efisiensi yang lebih stabil, sedangkan konfigurasi tengah fixed lebih sesuai untuk performa pada kecepatan rendah. Penelitian ini mendukung pengembangan turbin hidrokinetik skala kecil sebagai teknologi energi air yang bersih, terjangkau, dan berkelanjutan.
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Hydrokinetc turbines are renewable energy technologies that utilize the kinetic energy of river, canal, or ocean current flows without requiring dams. However, vertical-axis turbines still face several challenges, including poor self-starting capability, torque fluctuation, and non-optimal energy conversion efficiency at low flow velocities. This study aims to analyze the effect of multi passive-pitch blade configurations on the performance of a vertical cascade hydrokinetc turbine using experimental and numerical approaches. The turbine used NACA 0018 blade profiles with five configurations, namely fixed, two inner passive-pitch blades, middle fixed, two outer passive-pitch blades, and all passive blades. The tested flow velocity variations were 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 m/s. The performance parameters analyzed included self-start, RPM, tip speed ratio (TSR), coefficient of power (Cp), torque, and flow phenomena through velocity and pressure contours. The results show that the passive-pitch mechanism improves turbine performance compared to the fixed configuration. The all passive blades configuration produced the highest rotational speed of 70.26 RPM at a flow velocity of 1.2 m/s and achieved the fastest self-start time of 0.11 s at the same velocity. In terms of efficiency, the all passive blades configuration showed the most stable performance, with a Cp value of 0.3555 at 0.8 m/s and relatively high values maintained at 1.0–1.2 m/s. Meanwhile, the middle fixed configuration produced the highest maximum Cp of 0.3649 at a flow velocity of 0.6 m/s. Based on these results, the all passive blades configuration is recommended for obtaining more stable RPM and efficiency, while the middle fixed configuration is more suitable for low-flow-velocity performance. This research supports the development of small-scale hydrokinetc turbines as clean, affordable, and sustainable hydropower technology.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Passive pitch, Turbin Hidrokinetik, Renewable Energy, Hydropower, Energy Efficiency. ======================================================================================================================== Passive Pitch, Hydrokinetc Turbine, Renewable Energy, Hydropower, Energy Efficiency
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Salman Julian Naafi
Date Deposited:	03 Aug 2026 04:53
Last Modified:	03 Aug 2026 04:53
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141658

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