Desain dan Simulasi Sistem Kontrol Level Air Drum Boiler Menggunakan PI dengan Kontrol Feedforward

Maulana, Malik Fizar (2026) Desain dan Simulasi Sistem Kontrol Level Air Drum Boiler Menggunakan PI dengan Kontrol Feedforward. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Waste Heat Boiler pada proses produksi asam sulfat berfungsi untuk meredam panas gas proses SO2 dan memanfaatkannya untuk merubah air menjadi uap yang kemudian uap tersebut akan digunakan untuk melelehkan sulfur bubuk dan menjaganya agar tetap dalam kondisi cair. Pada sistem ini, terdapat bagian bernama steam drum yang berfungsi untuk memisahkan uap dari air sehingga level air harus dijaga agar kualitas uap dan keamanan operasi tidak terganggu. Sistem eksisting masih menggunakan kontrol on-off pada pomopa feedwater, sehingga level bergerak pada rentang yang lebar akkibat pengisian air yang tidak kontinu. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi kontrol yang mampu mempertahankan level di sekitar setpoint dan merespons perubahan beban proses secara lebih halus. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang kontrol level steam drum menggunakan controller PI yang dilengkapi dengan jalur feedforward melalui simulasi MATLAB/Simulink. Model plant dibentuk adri model matematis drum boiler yang dikembangkan oleh Astrom-Bell dan disesuaikan input dan output nya agar menyerupai plant aslinya. Dimana frekuensi pompa feedwater menjadi variabel yang dimanipulasi, serta laju aliran udara menuju drying tower menjadi gangguan terukur. Controller PI dirancang dari respons step menggunakan tuning SIMC, sedangkan jalur feedforward diperoleh dari perbandingan model jalur gangguan dan jalur variabel manipulasi. Kinerja sistem dievaluasi melalui pengujian perubahan setpoint dan gangguan step. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa sistem kontrol PI yang dilengkapi dengan jalur feedforward mampu mempertahankan level disekitar setpoing yang diinginkan. Steady state error berhasil dipertahankan berada pada -0.000009% dan respons tidak mengalami overshoot melebihi dari toleransi yang diperbolehkan yaitu sebesar ±5% dari setpoint yang diinginkan. Kemudian recovery time pada sistem kontrol yang menggunakan PI dengan jalur feedforward meningkat rata rata sebesar 78.2% dari 4 kali percobaan dibandingkan dengan sistem kontrol yang hanya menggunakan PI saja.
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The waste heat boiler in the sulfuric acid production process functions to absorb the heat from the SO2 process gas and use it to convert water into steam, which is then used to melt the powdered sulfur and maintain its liquid state. This system includes a steam drum, which separates the steam from the water, ensuring that the water level is maintained to ensure steam quality and operational safety. The existing system still uses on-off control of the feedwater pump, causing the level to fluctuate over a wide range due to intermittent water supply. Therefore, a control strategy is required that can maintain the level around the setpoint and respond more smoothly to changes in process load. This research aims to design a steam drum level control system using a PI controller equipped with a feedforward path through MATLAB/Simulink simulation. The plant model was created from a mathematical model of a drum boiler developed by Astrom-Bell, with its inputs and outputs adjusted to resemble a real plant. The feedwater pump frequency is the manipulated variable, and the air flow rate to the drying tower is the measured disturbance. The PI controller was designed from a step response using SIMC tuning, while the feedforward path was derived from a comparison of the disturbance path model and the manipulated variable path. System performance was evaluated through testing setpoint changes and step disturbances. Simulation results showed that the PI control system equipped with the feedforward path was able to maintain a level around the desired setpoint. The steady-state error was maintained at -0.000009%, and the response did not overshoot beyond the allowable tolerance of ±5% of the desired setpoint. Furthermore, the recovery time of the control system using the PI with the feedforward path increased by an average of 78.2% over four trials compared to the control system using only PI.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	PI, Feedforward, Steam Drum, Waste Heat Boiler, Level Control
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK3070 Automatic control
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 36304-Automation Electronic Engineering
Depositing User:	Malik Fizar Maulana
Date Deposited:	07 Aug 2026 07:41
Last Modified:	07 Aug 2026 07:41
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141704

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