Sintesis Komposit ZnO-TiO2/UiO-66 Berbasis Pasir Zirkon Sebagai Fotokatalis Untuk Degradasi Malachite Green

Valentina, Aura Happy (2026) Sintesis Komposit ZnO-TiO2/UiO-66 Berbasis Pasir Zirkon Sebagai Fotokatalis Untuk Degradasi Malachite Green. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pencemaran perairan akibat zat warna organik, khususnya malachite green (MG), menjadi salah satu permasalahan lingkungan yang serius karena bersifat toksik, mutagenik, dan sulit terdegradasi. Penggunaan ZnO sebagai fotokatalis memiliki keterbatasan berupa tingginya rekombinasi pasangan elektron-hole yang dapat menurunkan efektivitas fotodegradasi. Oleh karena itu, dikembangkan komposit ZnO-TiO2/UiO-66 (ZTU) berbasis pasir zirkon untuk meningkatkan kemampuan adsorpsi dan aktivitas fotokatalitik terhadap degradasi MG. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi massa ZnO-TiO2 terhadap UiO-66 berbasis pasir zirkon terhadap karakteristik material serta kinerja adsorpsi dan fotokatalitik komposit ZTU. Komposit disintesis melalui tahapan ekstraksi zirkonium dari pasir zirkon, sintesis UiO-66 secara solvotermal, sintesis ZnO-TiO2, serta pembentukan komposit dengan massa UiO-66 tetap dan variasi massa ZnO-TiO2 sebesar 10%, 20%, dan 30% terhadap massa UiO-66. Material hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), dan analisis adsorpsi-desorpsi N2. Kinerja material dievaluasi melalui uji adsorpsi dan fotokatalitik terhadap MG menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposit ZTU berhasil terbentuk dengan karakteristik struktur kristal, gugus fungsi, distribusi unsur, serta karakteristik pori yang mendukung proses adsorpsi dan fotokatalisis. Variasi ZTU-10 menunjukkan performa adsorpsi terbaik dengan luas permukaan spesifik sebesar 955,345 m2/g dan kapasitas adsorpsi sebesar 190,57 mg/g pada konsentrasi awal MG 200 mg/L. Selain itu, ZTU-10 menghasilkan efisiensi fotodegradasi tertinggi dibandingkan variasi komposit ZTU lainnya, yaitu sebesar 69,54% selama 120 menit penyinaran UV. Analisis kinetika menunjukkan bahwa adsorpsi MG pada seluruh komposit ZTU mengikuti model pseudo-second-order (PSO), sedangkan analisis isoterm menunjukkan kesesuaian yang lebih baik dengan model Langmuir. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komposit ZTU berbasis pasir zirkon berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai material bifungsional adsorben-fotokatalis untuk pengolahan limbah cair yang mengandung zat warna organik.
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Water pollution caused by organic dyes, particularly malachite green (MG), is a serious environmental problem because it is toxic, mutagenic, and difficult to degrade. The use of ZnO as a photocatalyst has limitations due to high electron-hole pair recombination, which can reduce photodegradation efficiency. Therefore, a zircon sand-based ZnO-TiO2/UiO-66 (ZTU) composite was developed to enhance adsorption capacity and photocatalytic activity for MG degradation. This study aims to evaluate the effect of varying the mass fraction of ZnO-TiO2 relative to UiO-66 in the zircon sand-based composite on the material characteristics as well as the adsorption and photocatalytic performance of the ZTU composite. The composites were synthesized through the following steps: extraction of zirconium from zircon sand, solvothermal synthesis of UiO-66, synthesis of ZnO-TiO2, and composite formation with a fixed mass of UiO-66 and varying masses of ZnO-TiO2 at 10%, 20%, and 30% relative to the mass of UiO-66. The synthesized materials were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), and N2 adsorption-desorption analysis. The material’s performance was evaluated through adsorption and photocatalytic tests against MG using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the ZTU composite was successfully formed with crystal structure, functional groups, elemental distribution, and pore characteristics that support adsorption and photocatalysis. The ZTU-10 variant exhibited the best adsorption performance with a specific surface area of 955.345 m2/g and an adsorption capacity of 190.57 mg/g at an initial MG concentration of 200 mg/L. Furthermore, ZTU-10 exhibited the highest photodegradation efficiency compared to other ZTU composite variants, reaching 69.54% after 120 minutes of UV irradiation. Kinetic analysis showed that MG adsorption on all ZTU composites followed the pseudo-second-order (PSO) model, while isotherm analysis showed a better fit with the Langmuir model. The results of this study indicate that zircon sand-based ZTU composites have the potential to be developed as bifunctional adsorbent-photocatalyst materials for the treatment of wastewater containing organic dyes.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ZnO-TiO2/UiO-66, pasir zirkon, fotokatalisis, adsorpsi, malachite green (MG), ZnO-TiO2/UiO-66, zircon sand, photocatalysis, adsorption, malachite green (MG)
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD117 Absorption Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD716 Photocatalysis.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Aura Happy Valentina
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 04:04
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 04:04
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141712

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