Haqh, Ahmad Rizki Azizi (2026) Evaluasi Ketahan Beton Berbasis Portland Composite Cement terhadap Penetrasi Ion Klorida. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Beton merupakan material konstruksi yang banyak digunakan pada berbagai jenis struktur sipil, namun kinerja jangka panjangnya sangat dipengaruhi oleh aspek durabilitas, khususnya terhadap penetrasi ion klorida yang dapat memicu korosi tulangan dan menurunkan umur layan struktur. Salah satu upaya meningkatkan ketahanan beton terhadap penetrasi ion klorida adalah melalui penggunaan Portland Composite Cement (PCC) yang mengandung bahan tambahan mineral sehingga berpotensi menghasilkan mikrostruktur beton yang lebih rapat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi ketahanan beton berbasis PCC terhadap penetrasi ion klorida serta menganalisis keterkaitannya dengan karakteristik beton segar, kuat tekan, porositas, dan mikrostruktur beton. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan tiga variasi mix design dengan target kuat tekan fc' 15 MPa, 25 MPa, dan 35 MPa. Pengujian meliputi uji slump pada beton segar, uji kuat tekan pada umur 28 dan 56 hari, uji porositas, Rapid Chloride Permeability Test (RCPT) berdasarkan ASTM C1202 pada umur 28 dan 56 hari, serta karakterisasi mikrostruktur menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai slump menurun seiring penurunan faktor air semen (V1 = 16,5 cm; V2 = 6,5 cm; V3 = 3,5 cm). Kuat tekan meningkat dari umur 28 ke 56 hari pada seluruh variasi, yaitu V1 dari 22,33 MPa menjadi 24,63 MPa, V2 dari 31,37 MPa menjadi 35,35 MPa, dan V3 dari 28,98 MPa menjadi 32,71 MPa. Nilai porositas umur 28 hari berturut-turut sebesar 9,97%, 8,36%, dan 6,46% untuk V1, V2, dan V3. Hasil RCPT menunjukkan penurunan nilai muatan listrik pada umur 56 hari dibandingkan umur 28 hari, yaitu dari 3.964,05 menjadi 2.649,50 Coulomb (V1), dari 1.966,75 menjadi 1.831,50 Coulomb (V2), dan dari 3.167,58 menjadi 2.251,50 Coulomb (V3). Variasi V2 secara konsisten menunjukkan ketahanan terhadap penetrasi ion klorida terbaik dengan klasifikasi Low berdasarkan ASTM C1202, sedangkan V1 dan V3 berada pada klasifikasi Moderate. Hasil XRD mendukung temuan tersebut melalui terbentuknya fase hidrat yang lebih dominan dan kandungan portlandit yang lebih rendah pada V2. Secara keseluruhan, ketahanan beton PCC terhadap penetrasi ion klorida dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara workability, perkembangan mikrostruktur, porositas, dan kualitas pemadatan beton, sehingga tidak hanya ditentukan oleh nilai faktor air semen.
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Concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials in civil engineering structures. However, its long-term performance is strongly influenced by durability, particularly its resistance to chloride ion penetration, which may accelerate reinforcement corrosion and reduce the service life of concrete structures. One approach to improving chloride penetration resistance is the use of Portland Composite Cement (PCC), which contains supplementary cementitious materials capable of producing a denser concrete microstructure. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance of PCC-based concrete to chloride ion penetration and to investigate its relationship with fresh concrete properties, compressive strength, porosity, and microstructural characteristics. Three concrete mix designs with target compressive strengths of 15 MPa, 25 MPa, and 35 MPa were prepared. The experimental program included a slump test for fresh concrete, compressive strength tests at 28 and 56 days, porosity testing, Rapid Chloride Permeability Test (RCPT) in accordance with ASTM C1202 at 28 and 56 days, and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis to characterize the hydration products and microstructure. The results showed that slump values decreased with decreasing water-to-cement ratio (V1 = 16.5 cm, V2 = 6.5 cm, and V3 = 3.5 cm). Compressive strength increased from 28 to 56 days for all mixtures, namely from 22.33 to 24.63 MPa (V1), 31.37 to 35.35 MPa (V2), and 28.98 to 32.71 MPa (V3). At 28 days, the porosity values decreased from 9.97% (V1) to 8.36% (V2) and 6.46% (V3). The RCPT results revealed a reduction in charge passed at 56 days compared with 28 days, decreasing from 3,964.05 to 2,649.50 Coulombs (V1), 1,966.75 to 1,831.50 Coulombs (V2), and 3,167.58 to 2,251.50 Coulombs (V3). Among all mixtures, V2 consistently exhibited the lowest charge passed, corresponding to the Low chloride ion penetrability classification according to ASTM C1202, whereas V1 and V3 remained in the Moderate category. The XRD analysis supported these findings by indicating a lower portlandite content and more developed hydration products in V2 compared with the other mixtures. Overall, the chloride penetration resistance of PCC-based concrete was found to be governed not only by the water-to-cement ratio but also by the combined effects of workability, porosity, microstructural development, and concrete homogeneity.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | durabilitas beton, penetrasi ion klorida, Portland Composite Cement, Rapid Chloride Penetration Test, X-Ray Diffraction;chloride ion penetration, concrete durability, Portland Composite Cement, Rapid Chloride Penetration Test, X-Ray Diffraction |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA418.16 Materials--Testing. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA433 Strength of materials. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA441 Aggregates T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA681 Concrete construction |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > 22301-Civil Infrastructure Engineering (D4) |
| Depositing User: | Ahmad Rizki Azizi Haqh |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Aug 2026 03:48 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Aug 2026 03:48 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141776 |
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