Indriyawati, Sika (2026) Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Perencanaan Pembangunan Desa: Studi Kasus Desa Bulujowo dengan Pembanding Desa Bulumeduro Kecamatan Bancar Kabupaten Tuban. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Partisipasi masyarakat dalam Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan Desa (Musrenbangdes) merupakan amanat konstitutif Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa, namun praktiknya kerap bersifat prosedural dan formalistik. Penelitian ini menganalisis kualitas partisipasi masyarakat dalam Musrenbangdes di Desa Bulujowo dan Desa Bulumeduro, Kecamatan Bancar, Kabupaten Tuban, serta merumuskan implikasinya terhadap strategi peningkatan partisipasi pada desa berpenduduk besar. Kedua desa dipilih secara purposive karena berbagi konteks geografis, administratif, dan regulatif yang identik, namun berbeda signifikan dalam skala penduduk (Bulujowo ±5.253 jiwa; Bulumeduro ±1.164 jiwa) dan capaian Indeks Desa Membangun (selisih 0,0949 poin). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus komparatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap 20 responden kunci, observasi langsung, dan analisis dokumen, kemudian dianalisis melalui integrasi Tangga Partisipasi Arnstein, Tipologi Partisipasi Pretty, dan Democracy Cube Fung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antara kedua desa. Partisipasi di Bulujowo dikategorikan sebagai Consultative Participation (Pretty) dan Konsultasi (Tangga 4 Arnstein), dengan forum satu arah, keterwakilan RT hanya 13%, dan proses seleksi usulan yang tertutup; hambatan psikologis tercatat pada 10 dari 11 responden. Di Bulumeduro, partisipasi dikategorikan sebagai Interactive Participation (Pretty) dan placation menuju partnership (Tangga 5–6 Arnstein), didorong oleh Musyawarah Dusun (Musdus) yang menciptakan deliberasi berjenjang, dengan keterwakilan RT 50% dan mekanisme umpan balik yang aktif membangun kepercayaan. Perbedaan kualitas partisipasi ternyata berasal dari desain kelembagaan forum, bukan dari perbedaan regulasi. Penelitian merekomendasikan institusionalisasi Musyawarah RT/Dusun dalam Peraturan Desa bagi Bulujowo disertai transparansi seleksi usulan, formalisasi Musdus dalam Perdes bagi Bulumeduro, serta kebijakan pendampingan pemerintah daerah yang diferensiatif berdasarkan skala penduduk desa.
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Community participation in the Village Development Planning Deliberation (Musrenbangdes) is a constitutional mandate of Law No. 6 of 2014 on Villages, yet its implementation frequently remains procedural and formalistic. This study analyzes the quality of community participation in Musrenbangdes in Bulujowo and Bulumeduro Villages, Bancar District, Tuban Regency, and formulates implications for participation improvement strategies in densely populated villages. Both villages were selected purposively for sharing identical geographical, administrative, and regulatory contexts while differing significantly in population scale (Bulujowo ±5,253; Bulumeduro ±1,164) and Village Development Index scores (a gap of 0.0949 points). This study employs a qualitative approach with a comparative case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 20 key respondents, direct observation, and document analysis, then analyzed through the integration of Arnstein's Ladder of Citizen Participation, Pretty's Typology of Participation, and Fung's Democracy Cube. Findings reveal significant differences between the two villages. Participation in Bulujowo is categorized as Consultative Participation (Pretty) and Consultation (Rung 4 of Arnstein's ladder), characterized by one-directional forums, only 13% neighborhood-unit (RT) representation, and a closed proposal selection process; psychological barriers were reported by 10 of 11 respondents. In Bulumeduro, participation is categorized as Interactive Participation (Pretty) and placation-partnership (Rungs 5–6 of Arnstein's ladder), driven by Hamlet Deliberations (Musdus) that create layered deliberation, with 50% RT representation and an active feedback mechanism that builds trust. The divergence in participation quality stems from forum institutional design rather than regulatory differences. The study recommends institutionalizing Hamlet/Neighborhood Deliberations through a Village Regulation for Bulujowo, accompanied by transparent proposal selection; formalizing Musdus in a Village Regulation for Bulumeduro; and differentiated village mentoring policies at the local government level based on population scale.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Musrenbangdes, partisipasi masyarakat, Tangga Arnstein, Tipologi Pretty, Democracy Cube Fung. Musrenbangdes, community participation, Arnstein's Ladder, Pretty's Typology, Fung's Democracy Cube. |
| Subjects: | J Political Science > JA Political science (General) J Political Science > JS Local government Municipal government |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Regional & Urban Planning > 35101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Sika Indriyawati |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Aug 2026 02:35 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Aug 2026 02:35 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141965 |
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