Perancangan Sistem Monitoring Kualitas Air Budidaya Lobster Berbasis Mikrokontroler Dengan Dukungan Daya Solar Photovoltaic

Tyaga, Ananda (2026) Perancangan Sistem Monitoring Kualitas Air Budidaya Lobster Berbasis Mikrokontroler Dengan Dukungan Daya Solar Photovoltaic. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Budidaya lobster memiliki potensi ekonomi yang besar namun sangat rentan terhadap fluktuasi parameter kualitas air (suhu, pH, Dissolved Oxygen/DO, dan salinitas), sehingga menuntut adanya pemantauan secara kontinu. Lokasi Keramba Jaring Apung (KJA) di laut lepas yang tidak memiliki akses jaringan listrik membutuhkan instrumen yang mandiri secara energi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang perangkat keras (hardware-layer) sistem pemantauan kualitas air dan peringatan dini (warning system) berbasis mikrokontroler ESP32 CP2102 dengan dukungan daya Solar Photovoltaic (PV) 20 Wp. Arsitektur kelistrikan dirancang menggunakan sistem isolasi daya melalui dua unit step-down converter LM2596 untuk mencegah penurunan tegangan (voltage drop) pada sirkuit sensor analog. Kalibrasi dilakukan melalui pendekatan komputasi perangkat lunak; menggunakan metode regresi polinomial tingkat dua yang terbukti berhasil menekan error pembacaan sensor pH hingga di bawah 0,3%, serta kompensasi suhu analitik real-time untuk sensor DO dan konduktivitas. Hasil pengujian di perairan laut menunjukkan bahwa penerapan algoritma Exponential Moving Average (EMA) secara efektif meredam fluktuasi sinyal liar (noise) akibat turbulensi ombak, sehingga sistem peringatan dini aktuator buzzer beroperasi secara responsif tanpa menghasilkan false alarm. Evaluasi fungsional di laut juga mengidentifikasi limitasi fisis pada sensor konduktivitas berkonstanta sel K=0,984 yang mengalami saturasi (clipping) pada estimasi salinitas 11 ppt. Temuan ini membuktikan secara ilmiah bahwa penggunaan probe berspesifikasi K=10 merupakan syarat mutlak untuk kelanjutan observasi air laut murni. Secara keseluruhan, purwarupa ini menunjukkan tingkat keandalan dan stabilitas daya yang tinggi sebagai fondasi arsitektur pengembangan instrumentasi jarak jauh berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) pada masa mendatang.
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Lobster aquaculture possesses significant economic potential but is highly vulnerable to fluctuations in water quality parameters (temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen/DO, and salinity), thereby necessitating continuous monitoring. Offshore Floating Net Cages (KJA) without access to the electrical grid require energy-independent instruments. This study aims to design a hardware-layer water quality monitoring and early warning system based on the ESP32 CP2102 microcontroller, powered by a 20 Wp Solar Photovoltaic (PV) system. The electrical architecture was designed utilizing a power isolation system through two units of LM2596 step-down converters to prevent voltage drops in the analog sensor circuits. Calibration was executed through a computational software approach; employing a second-degree polynomial regression method that successfully suppressed the pH sensor reading error to below 0.3%, alongside real-time analytical temperature compensation for the DO and conductivity sensors. Sea trial results indicated that the implementation of the Exponential Moving Average (EMA) algorithm effectively dampened wild signal fluctuations (noise) caused by wave turbulence, allowing the buzzer actuator's early warning system to operate responsively without producing false alarms. Functional evaluation at sea also identified physical limitations in the conductivity sensor with a cell constant of K=0.984, which experienced saturation (clipping) at an estimated salinity of 11 ppt. This finding scientifically proves that the use of a K=10 specification probe is an absolute prerequisite for further observation in pure seawater. Overall, this prototype demonstrates a high level of reliability and power stability as an architectural foundation for the future development of Internet of Things (IoT)-based remote instrumentati

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ESP32, Kualitas Air, Lobster, Mikrokontroler, Sistem Peringatan Dini,Early Warning System, ESP32, Lobster, Microcontroller, Water Quality
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1087 Photovoltaic power generation T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7871.674 Detectors. Sensors T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7878 Electronic instruments
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ananda Tyaga
Date Deposited:	03 Aug 2026 03:51
Last Modified:	03 Aug 2026 03:51
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141990

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