Peningkatan Keandalan Sistem Proteksi Petir pada Tower Transmisi 275 kV di Section Lahat–Lubuk Linggau dengan Rekonfigurasi Sistem Grounding

Renaldo, Roski Renaldo (2026) Peningkatan Keandalan Sistem Proteksi Petir pada Tower Transmisi 275 kV di Section Lahat–Lubuk Linggau dengan Rekonfigurasi Sistem Grounding. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sambaran petir pada saluran transmisi tegangan tinggi dapat menimbulkan tegangan lebih transien pada struktur tower dan sistem pentanahan. Besarnya tegangan transien dipengaruhi oleh impedansi tower, karakteristik arus petir, resistivitas tanah, serta konfigurasi grounding yang digunakan. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh konfigurasi grounding terhadap respons transien petir pada Tower T.310 SUTET 275 kV Lahat–Lubuk Linggau menggunakan EMTP. Model tower direpresentasikan dengan pendekatan multistory tower, sedangkan sistem grounding dimodelkan menggunakan parameter R, L, C, dan G. Konfigurasi yang dibandingkan meliputi Natural, MGGS (Mesh-Grid Grounding System), MGGS2 (Mesh-Grid Grounding System 2) ,DGS (Dedicated Grounding System) , MDG (Multi Direct Grounding), DGS MGGS1 , DGS MGGS2 , MDG MGGS1 , MDG MGGS2 , dan MDG MGGS2 jumperan. Simulasi dilakukan pada arus petir 30 kA dengan soil resistivity 116,3 Ωm sebagai kondisi utama, variasi soil resistivity 13,05 Ωm, 45,3 Ωm, 116,3 Ωm, dan 237,7 Ωm, serta skenario ekstrem 191 kA pada soil resistivity 237,7 Ωm. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa Natural menghasilkan tegangan kaki tower tertinggi. Pada kondisi utama, Vfoot Natural mencapai 1154,63 kV. Konfigurasi MGGS efektif menurunkan Vfoot, tetapi tidak selalu menurunkan tegangan section atas. Pada MGGS2 , Vfoot turun menjadi 39,79 kV, tetapi Vz1 meningkat dibanding Natural. DGS efektif menurunkan Vfoot, sedangkan MDG lebih efektif menurunkan tegangan section tower secara merata. Konfigurasi MDG MGGS2 memberikan kinerja paling seimbang pada kondisi utama dengan Vfoot 22,94 kV atau turun sekitar 98,00% terhadap Natural, serta menurunkan tegangan Vz1, Vz2, Vz3, dan Vz4 secara signifikan. Pada variasi soil resistivity, kenaikan resistivitas tanah menyebabkan peningkatan Vfoot, terutama pada Natural. Pada skenario ekstrem 237,7 Ωm dan 191 kA, DGS MGGS2 menghasilkan Vfoot terendah sebesar 290,64 kV, sedangkan konfigurasi berbasis MDG memberikan tegangan section tower yang lebih rendah dan merata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa evaluasi kinerja grounding tidak cukup hanya berdasarkan Vfoot, tetapi perlu mempertimbangkan distribusi tegangan pada setiap section tower dan current sharing pada jalur grounding.
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Lightning strikes on high-voltage transmission lines can produce transient overvoltages on tower structures and grounding systems. The magnitude of the transient response is influenced by tower impedance, lightning current characteristics, soil resistivity, and the applied grounding configuration. This study analyzes the effect of grounding configurations on the lightning transient response of Tower T.310 on the 275 kV Lahat–Lubuk Linggau extra-high-voltage transmission line using EMTP. The tower is represented using a multistory tower model, while the grounding system is modeled using R, L, C, and G parameters. The compared configurations include Natural, MGGS1, MGGS2, DGS , MDG, DGS MGGS1 , DGS MGGS2 , MDG MGGS1 , MDG MGGS2 , and MDG MGGS2 with additional jumpers. Simulations are performed using a 30 kA lightning current with a soil resistivity of 116.3 Ωm as the main condition, soil resistivity variations of 13.05 Ωm, 45.3 Ωm, 116.3 Ωm, and 237.7 Ωm, and an extreme scenario of 191 kA at 237.7 Ωm.
The results show that the Natural configuration produces the highest tower-foot voltage. Under the main condition, the Natural Vfoot reaches 1154.63 kV. The MGGS configuration effectively reduces Vfoot; however, it does not always reduce the upper-section voltages. In MGGS , Vfoot decreases to 39.79 kV, but Vz1 increases compared with the Natural configuration. DGS is effective in reducing Vfoot, whereas MDG provides a more uniform reduction of tower-section voltages. MDG MGGS2 gives the most balanced performance under the main condition, reducing Vfoot to 22.94 kV, or approximately 98.00% relative to Natural, while also significantly reducing Vz1, Vz2, Vz3, and Vz4. The soil resistivity variation shows that increasing soil resistivity increases Vfoot, especially in the Natural configuration. Under the extreme scenario of 237.7 Ωm and 191 kA, DGS MGGS2 produces the lowest Vfoot of 290.64 kV, while MDG -based configurations provide lower and more uniform tower-section voltages. These results indicate that grounding performance evaluation should not be based only on Vfoot, but should also consider voltage distribution along tower sections and current sharing among grounding paths.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	EMTP, grounding, soil resistivity, transien petir, tower transmisi EMTP, grounding, lightning transient, soil resistivity, transmission tower
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK153 Electric power factor. Lightning protection.
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Roski Renaldo
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2026 04:08
Last Modified:	31 Jul 2026 04:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142179

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