Hidrolisis Parsial Enzimatik Berbasis Pulp Limbah Sekam Padi dan Aplikasinya Sebagai Polimer Water Storage Hydrogel

Wannabil, Zahradka Faizza (2026) Hidrolisis Parsial Enzimatik Berbasis Pulp Limbah Sekam Padi dan Aplikasinya Sebagai Polimer Water Storage Hydrogel. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 5005221089-Undergratuade_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (2MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Limbah sekam padi merupakan hasil samping penggilingan padi yang jumlahnya sangat melimpah di Indonesia, namun belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Sekam padi mengandung senyawa lignoselulosa yang tersusun atas selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin, dengan kandungan selulosa mencapai 35–50%. Struktur lignoselulosa yang kompleks menyebabkan pemanfaatannya menjadi terbatas, sehingga diperlukan perlakuan awal untuk meningkatkan reaktivitas selulosa. Salah satu metode yang ramah lingkungan adalah hidrolisis parsial menggunakan selulase, yang dapat memecah sebagian ikatan β-(1,4)-glikosidik sehingga menghasilkan fraksi selulosa yang lebih amorf dan reaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi selulase terhadap hasil hidrolisis parsial pulp limbah sekam padi, serta menganalisis karakteristik hidrogel yang dihasilkan berdasarkan parameter Water Holding Capacity (WHC) dan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Tahapan penelitian meliputi pembuatan pulp dari sekam padi, produksi selulase, proses hidrolisis parsial antara selulase dan pulp, serta pembuatan hidrogel melalui proses pembentukan jaringan molekul selulosa yang saling berikatan membentuk struktur penyimpam air. Hidrogel yang dihasilkan kemudian dikarakterisasi untuk menilai kemampuan dalam menyerap dan menahan air (Water Holding Capacity) serta perubahan gugus fungsi menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). untuk mengidentifikasi keberhasilan proses hidrolisis dan pembentukan ikatan silang. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat taraf perlakuan konsentrasi selulase yaitu kontrol (tanpa selulase), 10% selulase, 20% selulase, dan 30% selulase, masing-masing dilakukan dengan tiga kali ulangan. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan Analisis Varian (ANOVA) satu arah, dan apabila terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antar perlakuan, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Nilai Water Holding Capacity (WHC) meningkat seiring bertambahnya konsentrasi selulase, dengan nilai tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan selulase 30% sebesar 39,00 ± 20,80%. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan pergeseran pita serapan gugus O–H yang mengindikasikan perubahan interaksi ikatan hidrogen, perubahan gugus amina yang menunjukkan adanya interaksi enzim selulase dengan substrat, perubahan intensitas pita CH₂ bending yang mencerminkan modifikasi susunan atau kristalinitas selulosa, serta perubahan pita gugus eter (C–O–C) yang mengindikasikan pemutusan sebagian ikatan β-(1,4)-glikosidik selama proses hidrolisis parsial tanpa merusak struktur utama selulosa. Perlakuan selulase 30% menghasilkan nilai WHC rata-rata tertinggi serta karakteristik FTIR yang mengindikasikan terjadinya hidrolisis parsial. Namun demikian, peningkatan nilai WHC tersebut belum berbeda signifikan secara statistik dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya.
=========================================================================================================================================
Rice husk waste is an abundant by-product of the rice milling industry in Indonesia; however, its utilization remains limited. Rice husk contains lignocellulosic compounds composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, with a cellulose content ranging from 35–50%. The complex lignocellulosic structure limits its utilization, thereby requiring a pretreatment process to enhance cellulose reactivity. One environmentally friendly approach is partial hydrolysis using cellulase, which selectively cleaves β-(1,4)-glycosidic bonds to produce a more amorphous and reactive cellulose fraction. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different cellulase concentrations on the partial hydrolysis of rice husk pulp and to evaluate the characteristics of the resulting hydrogel based on Water Holding Capacity (WHC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The experimental procedure consisted of rice husk pulping, cellulase production, partial hydrolysis of the pulp using cellulase, and hydrogel synthesis through the formation of a three-dimensional cellulose network capable of binding and retaining water. The resulting hydrogels were characterized to evaluate their water absorption and retention capacity (WHC) as well as changes in functional groups using FTIR to identify the occurrence of partial hydrolysis and crosslink formation. The study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four cellulase concentration treatments: control (without cellulase), 10%, 20%, and 30% cellulase, with three replications for each treatment. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey's post hoc test when significant differences among treatments were observed. The results showed that the Water Holding Capacity (WHC) tended to increase with increasing cellulase concentration, with the highest value obtained at the 30% cellulase treatment, reaching 39.00 ± 20.80%. FTIR analysis revealed a shift in the O–H absorption band, indicating changes in hydrogen-bond interactions; alterations in amine-related bands, suggesting interactions between cellulase and the substrate; changes in the intensity of the CH₂ bending band, reflecting modifications in the cellulose arrangement or crystallinity; and changes in the ether (C–O–C) absorption band, indicating partial cleavage of β-(1,4)-glycosidic bonds during the hydrolysis process without disrupting the primary cellulose structure. The 30% cellulase treatment exhibited the highest WHC value and FTIR characteristics indicative of partial hydrolysis. However, the differences among treatments were not statistically significant. Furthermore, increasing cellulase concentration resulted in higher reducing sugar content, confirming the occurrence of partial hydrolysis in rice husk cellulose pulp.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Hydrogel, Cellulase, Cellulose, Water Storage Hydrogel & Pulp, Hidrogel, Selulase, Selulosa
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Zahradka Faizza Wannabil
Date Deposited:	03 Aug 2026 01:54
Last Modified:	03 Aug 2026 01:54
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142241

Actions (login required)

View Item