Pengaruh Kadar Air Dan Pre-Treatment Limbah Padat Perkotaan Terhadap Kinerja Energi Dan Ekonomi Unit Gasifikasi Di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Sampah 9MW

Qalbudisyahaja, Alif Alam Deayval Qalbudisyahaja (2026) Pengaruh Kadar Air Dan Pre-Treatment Limbah Padat Perkotaan Terhadap Kinerja Energi Dan Ekonomi Unit Gasifikasi Di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Sampah 9MW. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Ketergantungan pada pengeringan alami di bunker membuat PLTSa gasifikasi rentan terhadap fluktuasi curah hujan yang menaikkan kadar air MSW hingga mendekati 40%, sehingga menurunkan suhu reaktor, kualitas syngas, dan daya netto, meskipun intervensi pengeringan aktif mengintroduksi penalti energi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi batas kelayakan tekno-ekonomi penambahan fasilitas pengering secara inkremental melalui rantai pemodelan terpadu, yang diawali dengan pemodelan kesetimbangan non-stoikiometri minimisasi energi Gibbs di MATLAB untuk memetakan prediksi suhu adiabatik, komposisi syngas, dan LHV pada rentang MC 40%–25%, kemudian karakteristik syngas diintegrasikan ke model siklus Rankine di Cycle-Tempo dengan pembakaran mandiri dan batas ekstraksi WHR untuk menghitung daya netto aktual, serta diakhiri dengan analisis tekno-ekonomi inkremental di MATLAB untuk menentukan MAC, LCOE, dan sensitivitas terhadap diskonto serta jam operasi dengan acuan tarif 13,35 sen USD/kWh. Hasilnya, WHR-dryer mampu meningkatkan LHV tertinggi pada MC 40% (+2,54%) dengan efek jenuh pada MC 25% (+0,68%), namun dampak daya netto bersifat non-monotonik di mana penambahan daya positif terjadi pada MC 40–30% (+11,26 s.d. +58,30 kW) sebelum berbalik menjadi penalti -223,32 kW pada MC 25%. Secara ekonomi, operasi kontinu tidak layak (MAC negatif), sedangkan operasi selektif layak dengan MAC positif 147.233,43 USD dan LCOE inkremental 11,70 sen/kWh di bawah FIT, yang dikonfirmasi tetap tangguh oleh analisis sensitivitas pada rentang diskonto 5–15% dan jam operasi 3.960–7.920 jam/tahun dengan MAC positif 73.617–154.010 USD.
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Dependence on natural drying in the bunker makes gasification WtE plants vulnerable to rainfall fluctuations that raise MSW moisture content to near 40%, thereby decreasing reactor temperature, syngas quality, and net power, although active drying intervention introduces an energy penalty. This study aims to evaluate the techno-economic feasibility limits of incrementally adding a drying facility through an integrated modeling chain, which begins with non-stoichiometric equilibrium modeling using Gibbs energy minimization in MATLAB to map predictions of adiabatic temperature, syngas composition, and LHV across the MC range of 40%–25%, then integrates the syngas characteristics into a Rankine cycle model in Cycle-Tempo with self-sustaining combustion and WHR extraction limits to calculate actual net power, and concludes with incremental techno-economic analysis in MATLAB to determine MAC, LCOE, and sensitivity to discount rates and operating hours based on a reference tariff of 13.35 USD cents/kWh. The results show that the WHR-dryer can increase LHV the most at MC 40% (+2.54%) with a saturation effect at MC 25% (+0.68%), but the net power impact is non-monotonic, where positive power gains occur at MC 40–30% (+11.26 to +58.30 kW) before turning into a significant penalty of -223.32 kW at MC 25%. Economically, continuous operation is infeasible (negative MAC), whereas selective operation is feasible with a positive MAC of USD 147,233.43 and an incremental LCOE of 11.70 cents/kWh, which is below the FIT. This feasibility is confirmed to remain robust by sensitivity analysis across discount rates of 5–15% and operating hours of 3,960–7,920 hours/year, with MAC values remaining in the positive range of USD 73,617–154,010.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	MSW, gasifikasi, moisture content, syngas, pengeringan WHR, Gibbs minimization, tekno ekonomi analisis, LCOE. MSW, gasification, moisture content, syngas, WHR drying, Gibbs minimization, techno-economic analysis, LCOE
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Alif Alam Deayval Qalbudisyahaja
Date Deposited:	03 Aug 2026 08:47
Last Modified:	03 Aug 2026 08:47
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142393

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