Prototype Pengendalian Flowrate Pada Sistem Pengisian Air Menggunakan Metode PI

Yanuar, Muhammad (2026) Prototype Pengendalian Flowrate Pada Sistem Pengisian Air Menggunakan Metode PI. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Proses regenerasi resin kation pada sistem demineralisasi air memerlukan pengaturan laju aliran dan volume air. Pada sistem saat ini, proses pengisian air masih dilakukan tanpa pengukuran debit maupun pengendalian aliran air sehingga volume pengisian tidak sesuai dengan target sebesar 8050 Liter. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem pengendalian flowrate pada sistem pengisian air menggunakan metode Proportional Integral (PI) berbasis sensor flowmeter. Penelitian dibuat dengan membuat prototype skala laboratorium yang dirancang menyerupai prinsip kerja sistem pengisian air dengan skala 1:12,19 terhadap kapasitas flowrate sistem industri. Sistem dikembangkan menggunakan mikrokontroler ESP32, sensor flowmeter Aichi OF05ZAT, control valve yang digerakkan motor stepper VEXTA NEMA 23 dengan driver TB6600 yang diatur pada arus 2,8-2,9 Ampere, serta antarmuka berbasis website untuk pengaturan setpoint. Parameter pengendali diperoleh melalui identifikasi sistem, simulasi, dan proses fine tuning hingga diperoleh parameter PI sebesar Kp = 4 dan Ki = 8. Hasil kalibrasi menunjukkan bahwa konstanta 165 pulse/L digunakan sebagai faktor konversi pembacaan flowrate dan volume. Implementasi pengendali PI menghasilkan flowrate aktual yang mengikuti variasi setpoint 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, dan 22 L/menit dengan penyimpangan 1,8% - 2,61% terhadap nilai setpoint flowrate. Pengujian pengisian air pada target volume 45 L menghasilkan volume aktual sebesar 45,309–45,533 L, dengan overfill sebesar 0,309–0,533 L atau error pengisian sebesar 0,68–1,18%, serta waktu pengisian berkisar antara 130–232 detik sesuai dengan variasi setpoint flowrate.
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The cation resin regeneration process in a water demineralization system requires control of the flow rate and water volume. In the current system, the water filling process is still carried out without flow rate measurement or control, resulting in a filling volume that does not meet the target of 8,050 liters. This study aims to design a flow rate control system for the water filling process using a Proportional Integral (PI) method based on a flowmeter sensor. The study involved building a laboratory-scale prototype designed to mimic the operating principles of the water filling system at a scale of 1:12.19 relative to the flow rate capacity of the industrial system. The system was developed using an ESP32 microcontroller, an Aichi OF05ZAT flowmeter sensor, and a control valve driven by a VEXTA NEMA 23 stepper motor with a TB6600 driver set to a current of 2.8–2.9 amperes, as well as a web-based interface for setting setpoints. The control parameters were obtained through system identification, simulation, and fine-tuning until PI parameters of Kp = 4 and Ki = 8 were achieved. The calibration results showed that a constant of 165 pulses/L was used as the conversion factor for flow rate and volume readings. Implementation of the PI controller resulted in an actual flow rate that followed setpoint variations of 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, and 22 L/min, with deviations of 1.8%–2.61% from the setpoint flow rate. Water filling tests at a target volume of 45 L resulted in actual volumes of 45.309–45.533 L, with an overfill of 0.309–0.533 L or a filling error of 0.68–1.18%, and filling times ranging from 130 to 232 seconds in accordance with variations in the flow rate setpoint.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Control Valve, Controller PI, ESP32, Flowmeter,
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK3070 Automatic control T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK351 Electric measurements. T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7871.674 Detectors. Sensors T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS170 New products. Product Development
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 36304-Automation Electronic Engineering
Depositing User:	Muhammad Yanuar
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2026 02:27
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2026 02:27
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142447

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