Studi Eksperimental Dan Numerik Pengaruh Mekanisme Passive Variable Pitch Terhadap Kinerja Turbin Hidrokinetik Vertikal Bertingkat Tipe Darrieus

Arif, Ocean Rafly Wiridanaya (2026) Studi Eksperimental Dan Numerik Pengaruh Mekanisme Passive Variable Pitch Terhadap Kinerja Turbin Hidrokinetik Vertikal Bertingkat Tipe Darrieus. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh mekanisme passive variable pitch terhadap kinerja dan struktur aliran pada turbin hidrokinetik vertikal bertingkat tipe Darrieus. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dan numerik menggunakan Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Variasi yang digunakan terdiri atas lima konfigurasi mekanisme bilah, yaitu Model 1 (fixed pitch), Model 2 (passive variable pitch pada tingkatan luar), Model 3 (passive variable pitch tingkatan tengah), Model 4 (passive variable pitch tingkatan dalam), dan Model 5 (passive variable pitch seluruh tingkatan), dengan kecepatan aliran 0,7–1,1 m/s. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi self-start, kecepatan putar (RPM), Tip Speed Ratio (TSR), torsi, koefisien daya (Cp), daya mekanik, serta struktur aliran di sekitar rotor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan mekanisme passive variable pitch mampu meningkatkan performa turbin dibandingkan konfigurasi fixed pitch. Berdasarkan hasil eksperimen, Model 2 menghasilkan kemampuan self-start terbaik, sedangkan Model 4 menghasilkan performa operasi tertinggi dengan RPM sebesar 73,058 rpm dan TSR sebesar 1,529 pada kecepatan aliran 1,1 m/s, atau meningkat 108,64% dibandingkan Model 1. Hasil simulasi CFD menunjukkan bahwa Model 5 menghasilkan torsi rata-rata, daya mekanik, dan koefisien daya (Cp) tertinggi, masing-masing sebesar 3,474 Nm, 22,227 W, dan 0,195. Sementara itu, Model 4 menunjukkan distribusi tekanan dan pola aliran yang lebih stabil dengan pembentukan wake yang lebih terkendali dibandingkan konfigurasi lainnya. Kondisi tersebut menghasilkan keseimbangan terbaik antara kecepatan putar, kestabilan aliran, dan karakteristik hidrodinamika, sehingga Model 4 menjadi konfigurasi paling optimum secara keseluruhan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lokasi penerapan mekanisme passive variable pitch berpengaruh signifikan terhadap karakteristik hidrodinamika dan kinerja turbin hidrokinetik vertikal bertingkat. Hasil penelitian ini mendukung pencapaian Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) melalui pengembangan teknologi energi terbarukan, SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) melalui inovasi desain turbin yang lebih efektif, serta SDG 13 (Climate Action) melalui pengembangan teknologi pembangkit energi rendah karbon.
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This study aims to analyze the effect of a passive variable pitch mechanism on the performance and flow characteristics of a vertical-axis Darrieus hydrokinetic turbine cascade. The research was conducted through experimental testing and numerical simulation using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Five blade configurations were investigated: Model 1 (fixed pitch), Model 2 (passive variable pitch on the outer tier), Model 3 (passive variable pitch on the middle tier), Model 4 (passive variable pitch on the inner tier), and Model 5 (passive variable pitch on all tiers), under flow velocities ranging from 0.7 to 1.1 m/s. The evaluated parameters included self-starting capability, rotational speed (RPM), tip speed ratio (TSR), torque, power coefficient (Cp), mechanical power, and the flow characteristics around the rotor. The results demonstrate that the implementation of the passive variable pitch mechanism significantly enhances turbine performance compared with the fixed-pitch configuration. Experimental results show that Model 2 exhibits the best self-starting capability, whereas Model 4 achieves the highest operational performance, reaching 73.058 rpm and a TSR of 1.529 at a flow velocity of 1.1 m/s, representing a 108.64% increase compared with Model 1. CFD simulations indicate that Model 5 produces the highest average torque, mechanical power, and power coefficient (Cp), reaching 3.474 Nm, 22.227 W, and 0.195, respectively. Meanwhile, Model 4 exhibits a more stable pressure distribution and flow field with better-controlled wake formation than the other configurations. These characteristics provide the best balance between rotational speed, flow stability, and hydrodynamic performance, making Model 4 the optimum overall configuration. The findings indicate that the location of the passive variable pitch mechanism has a significant influence on both the hydrodynamic characteristics and the overall performance of a multi-tier vertical-axis Darrieus hydrokinetic turbine. This research contributes to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) through the development of renewable energy technologies, SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) through innovative and more effective turbine design, and SDG 13 (Climate Action) by supporting the development of low-carbon power generation technologies.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA357 Computational fluid dynamics. Fluid Mechanics T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266 Turbines. Turbomachines (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ870 Hydraulic turbines.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ocean Rafly Wiridanaya Arif
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 01:39
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 01:39
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142734

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