Sintesis Seng Oksida (ZnO) Menggunakan Metode Elektrokimia Dan Karakterisasinya

Putri, Dwi Rahayu Muliani (2026) Sintesis Seng Oksida (ZnO) Menggunakan Metode Elektrokimia Dan Karakterisasinya. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Seng oksida (ZnO) merupakan material semikonduktor yang banyak dikembangkan karena memiliki sifat optik, elektronik, dan fotokatalitik yang baik. Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk sintesis ZnO adalah metode elektrokimia karena prosesnya relatif sederhana, mudah dikontrol, dan tidak memerlukan banyak bahan tambahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis ZnO menggunakan metode elektrolisis serta mengkaji pengaruh potensial terhadap karakteristik partikel yang dihasilkan. Sintesis dilakukan menggunakan elektroda seng sebagai anoda dan katoda dalam larutan trisodium sitrat 0,1 M dengan variasi potensial 5; 10; 20; 30; 40 dan 50 V selama 20 menit pada suhu ruang. Berdasarkan hasil sintesis awal, sampel pada potensial 20 V dipilih untuk proses kalsinasi karena telah menunjukkan pembentukan fase awal ZnO dan digunakan sebagai sampel representatif untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh kalsinasi terhadap peningkatan kristalinitas dan kemurnian fase. Produk yang diperoleh kemudian dikarakterisasi dengan Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), dan Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX). Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan potensial menyebabkan kenaikan pH larutan akibat pembentukan ion hidroksida selama proses elektrolisis. Analisis TGA menunjukkan bahwa dekomposisi Zn(OH)2 menjadi ZnO berlangsung pada rentang suhu sekitar 150–290 ℃. Hasil XRD mengkonfirmasi terbentuknya fase ZnO berstruktur heksagonal wurtzite dengan ukuran kristalit berturut-turut sebesar 22,5478 nm; 27,0678 nm; 34,7126 nm dan 34,2806 nm untuk sampel 20; 30; 40 V serta 20 V-Kalsinasi. Analisis PSA menunjukkan ukuran partikel rata-rata sebesar 952,4 nm (20 V), 5655 nm (30 V), 698,2 nm (40 V), dan 3458 nm (20 V-Kalsinasi) yang mengindikasikan adanya aglomerasi partikel selama sintesis. Pengamatan SEM memperlihatkan morfologi partikel granular hampir sferis dengan distribusi ukuran relatif homogen berukuran 573,80 nm, sedangkan hasil EDX menunjukkan komposisi unsur Zn dan O masing-masing sebesar 56,73 at.% dan 46,33 at.%. Secara keseluruhan, metode elektrolisis berhasil menghasilkan ZnO dengan struktur kristal wurtzite, dan peningkatan potensial berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan kristal serta karakteristik partikel yang terbentuk.
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Zinc Oxide (ZnO) are semiconductor materials that have been widely developed because they have good optical, electronic, and photocatalytic properties. One method that can be used to synthesize ZnO is the electrochemical method because the process is relatively simple, easy to control, and doesn’t require many additional materials. This study aims to synthesize ZnO using the electrolysis method and examine the effect of potential on the characteristics of the resulting particles. The synthesis was carried out using zinc electrodes as both anode and cathode in 0.1 M trisodium citrate solution with potential variations of 5; 10; 20; 30; 40 and 50 V for 20 minutes at room temperature. Based on the initial synthesis results, the sample at a potential of 20 V was chosen for the calcination process because it had already shown the formation of the initial ZnO phase and was used as a representative sample to evaluate the effect of calcination on improving crystallinity and phase purity. The obtained product was then characterized using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX). The synthesized results showed that increasing the potential led to a rise in the solution’s pH due to the formation of hydroxide ions during the electrolysis process. TGA analysis showed that the decomposition of Zn(OH)2 into ZnO occurred in the temperature range of approximately 150–290 ℃. XRD results confirmed the formation of ZnO phases with a hexagonal wurtzite structure, with crystallite sizes of 22.5478 nm; 27.0678 nm; 34.7126 nm and 34.2806 nm for the 20; 30; 40 V and 20 V-Calcination samples, respectively. PSA analysis showed average particle sizes of 952.4 nm (20 V), 5655 nm (30 V), 698.2 nm (40 V) and 3458 nm (20 V-Calcination), indicating particle agglomeration during synthesis. SEM observations revealed almost spherical granular particle morphology with a relatively uniform size distribution of 573.80 nm, while EDX results showed Zn and O with elemental compositions of 56.73 at.% and 46.33 at.%, respectively. Overall, the electrolysis method successfully produced ZnO with a wurtzite crystal structure, and an increase in voltage affected crystal growth as well as the characteristics of the particles formed.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Elektrokimia, Elektrolisis, Potensial, Seng Oksida, Sintesis, Electrochemistry, Electrolysis, Potential, Synthesis, Zinc Oxide
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD181.Z6 Zinc oxide Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD553 Electrochemistry. Electrolysis
Divisions:	Faculty of Mathematics and Science > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Dwi Rahayu Muliani Putri
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 01:02
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 01:02
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142788

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