Analisis Perbandingan Struktur Beam dengan Variasi Bentuk Lubang pada Web sebagai Lintasan Hoist Menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga (FEA)

Husiantoro, Astrid Syalsabila Putri (2026) Analisis Perbandingan Struktur Beam dengan Variasi Bentuk Lubang pada Web sebagai Lintasan Hoist Menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga (FEA). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Balok lintasan hoist merupakan elemen struktur penting dalam sistem pengangkatan material di lingkungan industri yang memerlukan efisiensi material tanpa mengorbankan keamanan struktur. Modifikasi berupa bukaan pada badan balok (web opening) menjadi salah satu solusi untuk mereduksi berat struktur, namun keberadaannya berpotensi memengaruhi respons mekanika akibat konsentrasi tegangan dan penurunan kekakuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi bentuk bukaan web terhadap distribusi tegangan Von-Mises, safety factor, dan deformasi pada balok lintasan hoist, serta menentukan konfigurasi yang paling optimal dan layak terhadap batas aman lendutan izin. Metodologi penelitian dilakukan secara numerik berbasis Metode Elemen Hingga (FEA) menggunakan perangkat lunak ANSYS dengan asumsi material elastis linier. Model geometri balok diuji dalam lima variasi, yaitu Regular Beam, Circular Beam, Hexagonal Beam, Rectagonal Beam, dan Eliptical Beam. Kondisi batas dimodelkan menggunakan tumpuan sendi-rol dengan pembebanan statik terpusat pada posisi kritis sepanjang bentang balok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Regular Beam merupakan variasi paling aman secara struktural dengan tegangan Von-Mises terkecil (111,37 MPa), deformasi terendah (5,0539 mm), dan safety factor tertinggi (3,0978). Di antara seluruh variasi balok berlubang (web opening), Circular Beam memiliki performa mekanika paling optimal dengan nilai tegangan 115,81 MPa dan safety factor sebesar 2,9789 (mendekati batas aman 3,0). Sebaliknya, geometri dengan sudut tajam (Hexagonal dan Rectagonal) serta potongan vertikal luas (Eliptical) menurunkan kekakuan struktur secara drastis. Kendati demikian, seluruh variasi geometri balok yang diuji dinyatakan layak dan aman terhadap risiko lendutan izin karena nilai defleksi aktualnya (5,05–5,54 mm) masih berada jauh di bawah batas maksimum izin sebesar 22,3 mm.
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The hoist runway beam is a critical structural element in material handling systems within industrial environments, requiring material efficiency without compromising structural safety. Modifications involving openings in the beam web (web openings) serve as a solution to reduce structural weight; however, their presence potentially affects mechanical responses due to stress concentration and stiffness reduction. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in web opening shapes on the distribution of Von-Mises stress, safety factor, and deformation on the hoist runway beam, as well as to determine the most optimal configuration that complies with the allowable deflection limit. The research methodology was conducted numerically based on the Finite Element Method (FEM/FEA) using ANSYS software under the assumption of linear elastic material properties. The beam geometry models were evaluated across five variations: Regular Beam, Circular Beam, Hexagonal Beam, Rectagonal Beam, and Elliptical Beam. Boundary conditions were modeled using hinge-roller supports with static concentrated loads applied at critical positions along the beam span. The results indicate that the Regular Beam is the structurally safest variation, exhibiting the lowest Von-Mises stress (111.37 MPa), minimum deformation (5.0539 mm), and the highest safety factor (3.0978). Among all the web-opening beam variations, the Circular Beam demonstrates the most optimal mechanical performance with a stress value of 115.81 MPa and a safety factor of 2.9789 (nearly approaching the safety limit of 3.0). Conversely, geometries with sharp corners (Hexagonal and Rectagonal) and extensive vertical cutouts (Elliptical) drastically reduce structural stiffness. Nevertheless, all tested beam geometry variations are declared feasible and safe against the risk of allowable deflection, as the actual deflection values (ranging from 5.05 to 5.54 mm) remain well below the specified maximum allowable limit of 22.3 mm.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Balok lintasan Hoist, web opening beam, Metode Elemen Hingga, ANSYS, Tegangan, Defleksi, Safety Factor Hoist Runway Beam, Web-Opening Beam, Finite Element Method (FEM), ANSYS, Stress, Deflection, Safety Factor.
Subjects:	T Technology > TS Manufactures T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS183 Manufacturing processes. Lean manufacturing.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Astrid Syalsabila Putri Husiantoro
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 03:48
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 04:16
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142804

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