Studi Efektivitas Penempatan Breakwater Terhadap Proteksi Pantai Di Pesisir Pantai Congot, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Sustyawati, Two Riz Tri (2026) Studi Efektivitas Penempatan Breakwater Terhadap Proteksi Pantai Di Pesisir Pantai Congot, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pesisir Pantai Congot merupakan wilayah yang rentan terhadap abrasi akibat gelombang dari Samudera Hindia. Kondisi ini berpotensi mendegradasi garis pantai serta mengancam keberlanjutan infrastruktur di Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas struktur detached breakwater dalam mereduksi energi gelombang serta menganalisis perubahan morfologi pantai melalui pendekatan pemodelan numerik menggunakan Delft3D. Pemodelan transpor sedimen dan morfodinamika pantai disimulasikan selama 50 tahun menggunakan modul Delft3D-FLOW pada kondisi eksisting serta tiga skenario alternatif tata letak struktur dengan memvariasikan jarak terhadap garis pantai. Kondisi hidrodinamika yang disimulasikan memperhitungkan gelombang dominan berasal dari barat. Hasil pemodelan kondisi eksisting didapatkan rata-rata tinggi gelombang signifikan sebesar 1,07 meter mencapai pantai, kecepatan arus 0,766 m/s di sekitar garis pantai, dan kumulatif erosi rata-rata sedalam 1,806 meter. Penerapan ketiga alternatif dengan 12 segmen breakwater sepanjang 325 meter menunjukkan tingkat efektivitas yang bervariasi pada titik observasi dalam mereduksi hidro-oseanografi dan menahan laju erosi. Alternatif 1 pada jarak 165 meter dengan elevasi +4,20 msl menghasilkan tinggi gelombang signifikan 0,482 meter dengan reduksi gelombang 51%, kecepatan arus 0,204 m/s, kumulatif sedimentasi 0,127 meter, dan menahan erosi garis pantai sebesar 7%. Alternatif 2 pada jarak 300 meter dengan elevasi +4,20 msl menghasilkan tinggi gelombang signifikan 0,824 meter dengan reduksi gelombang 21%, kecepatan arus 0,336 m/s, kumulatif sedimentasi 0,021 meter, dan menahan erosi sebesar 1%. Alternatif 3 pada jarak 120 meter dengan elevasi +4,20 msl menghasilkan tinggi gelombang 0,215 meter dengan reduksi gelombang mencapai 79%, kecepatan arus 0,216 m/s, kumulatif sedimentasi 0,337 meter, dan dapat menahan erosi sebesar 19%. Secara morfologis, keberadaan struktur memicu akumulasi sedimen di belakang bangunan yang berpotensi membentuk salient dan tombolo. Berdasarkan evaluasi hasil pemodelan, Alternatif 3 direkomendasikan sebagai konfigurasi paling optimal untuk Pesisir Pantai Congot karena memberikan proteksi hidro-morfodinamika yang paling seimbang dan efektif dalam jangka panjang. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi landasan teknis dalam mendukung pengelolaan dan pelestarian kawasan pesisir secara berkelanjutan.
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The coastal area of Congot Beach is vulnerable to abrasion caused by waves from the Indian Ocean. This condition has the potential to degrade the shoreline and threaten the sustainability of infrastructure in Kulon Progo Regency. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of detached breakwater structures in reducing wave energy and analyzing coastal morphological changes through a numerical modeling approach using Delft3D. Sediment transport and coastal morphodynamics were simulated over 50 years using the Delft3D-FLOW module under existing conditions and three alternative structural layout scenarios by varying the distance from the shoreline. The simulated hydrodynamic conditions accounted for the dominant waves originating from the west. The modeling results for the existing condition showed an average significant wave height of 1,07 meters reaching the beach, a current velocity of 0,766 m/s around the shoreline, and an average cumulative erosion depth of 1,806 meters. The application of all three alternatives with 12 breakwater segments along 325 meters showed varying levels of effectiveness at observation points in reducing hydro-oceanography and inhibiting erosion rates. Alternative 1 at a distance of 165 meters with an elevation of +4,20 msl resulted in a significant wave height of 0,482 meters with a wave reduction of 51%, a current velocity of 0,204 m/s, cumulative sedimentation of 0,127 meters, and prevented shoreline erosion by 7%. Alternative 2 at a distance of 300 meters with an elevation of +4,20 msl produced a significant wave height of 0,824 meters with a wave reduction of 21%, a current velocity of 0,336 m/s, cumulative sedimentation of 0,021 meters, and prevented erosion by 1%. Alternative 3 at a distance of 120 meters with an elevation of +4,20 msl resulted in a wave height of 0,215 meters with wave reduction reaching 79%, a current velocity of 0,216 m/s, cumulative sedimentation of 0,337 meters, and can prevent erosion by 19%. Morphologically, the presence of the structure triggers sediment accumulation behind the building, which has the potential to form salients and tombolos. Based on the evaluation of the modeling results, Alternative 3 is recommended as the most optimal configuration for the Congot Coastal Area because it provides the most balanced and effective hydro-morphodynamic protection in the long term. The results of this study are expected to serve as a technical basis in supporting sustainable coastal management and preservation.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Pantai Congot, Detached Breakwater, Delft3D, Reduksi Gelombang, Morfologi Pantai, Congot Beach, Wave Attenuation, Beach, Morphology
Subjects:	T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC175.2 Sediment transport T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC203.5 Coastal engineering T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC333 Breakwaters
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 22301-Civil Infrastructure Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Two Riz Tri Sustyawati
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 04:38
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 04:38
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142814

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