Romadlon, Muhammad Fajri (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Penggunaan Katalitik Konverter Berbahan Serbuk Tembaga Oksida (CuO) Dengan Bentonit Pada Sistem Emisi(NOx). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Emisi nitrogen oksida (NOx) merupakan salah satu polutan utama yang dihasilkan dari proses pembakaran mesin diesel dan berkontribusi terhadap pencemaran udara serta risiko kesehatan manusia. Penggunaan katalis berbasis logam mulia pada catalytic converter dinilai efektif, namun masih terkendala oleh biaya yang tinggi dan ketersediaan material yang terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas catalytic converter berbahan serbuk tembaga oksida (CuO) dan bentonit dalam mereduksi emisi NOx pada mesin diesel, sekaligus menentukan komposisi katalis yang paling optimal sebagai alternatif lebih ekonomis. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan mesin diesel Yanmar TF 85 MH-di pada tiga variasi putaran mesin, yaitu 1600, 1800, dan 2000 RPM, serta empat variasi beban, yaitu 1000 watt, 2000 watt, 3000 watt, dan 4000 watt. Pengukuran emisi NOx dilakukan menggunakan Automobile Gas Analyzer pada empat variasi katalis, yaitu kondisi standar tanpa katalis, katalis 100% bentonit, katalis 75% bentonit + 25% CuO, dan katalis 50% bentonit + 50% CuO. Data hasil pengujian kemudian dianalisis dengan membandingkan rata-rata emisi NOx setiap variasi katalis terhadap kondisi standar untuk mengetahui efektivitas reduksi emisi pada masing-masing kondisi operasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa katalis 50% bentonit + 50% CuO merupakan komposisi paling efektif dalam mereduksi emisi NOx, dengan reduksi tertinggi sebesar 19,0% pada putaran 1800 RPM dan beban 1000 watt, yaitu dari 545,6 ppm menjadi 442 ppm. Katalis ini secara konsisten menghasilkan emisi NOx terendah pada seluruh variasi putaran mesin dan beban, sedangkan katalis 75% bentonit + 25% CuO hanya efektif pada sebagian kondisi pengujian, sementara katalis 100% bentonit cenderung meningkatkan emisi NOx. Efektivitas katalis dipengaruhi oleh suhu gas buang dan waktu tinggal gas di dalam catalytic converter, dengan kinerja terbaik diperoleh pada putaran 1800 RPM karena memberikan keseimbangan antara suhu aktivasi CuO dan waktu kontak gas dengan permukaan katalis. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, komposisi 50% bentonit + 50% CuO berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai alternatif katalis non-logam mulia yang ekonomis dan ramah lingkungan untuk penurunan emisi NOx, khususnya dalam mendukung penerapan teknologi pengurangan emisi di sektor maritim.
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Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions are among the primary pollutants generated by the combustion process in diesel engines, contributing to air pollution and posing risks to human health. Although noble metal-based catalysts used in catalytic converters have proven effective in reducing NOx emissions, their application is limited by high costs and the limited availability of raw materials. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a catalytic converter utilizing copper oxide (CuO) powder and bentonite as catalyst materials in reducing NOx emissions from a diesel engine, while also determining the most optimal catalyst composition as a more economical alternative. This study employed an experimental method using a Yanmar TF 85 MH-di diesel engine operated at three engine speeds (1600 RPM, 1800 RPM, and 2000 RPM) and four load conditions (1000 watt, 2000 watt, 3000 watt, and 4000 watt). NOx emissions were measured using an Automobile Gas Analyzer under four catalyst variations: the standard condition (without a catalyst), 100% bentonite catalyst, 75% bentonite + 25% CuO catalyst, and 50% bentonite + 50% CuO catalyst. The experimental data were analyzed by comparing the average NOx emissions of each catalyst variation with those of the standard condition to evaluate the emission reduction effectiveness under each operating condition. The results indicate that the catalyst containing 50% bentonite and 50% CuO was the most effective composition for reducing NOx emissions, achieving the highest reduction of 19.0% at 1800 RPM and a load of 1000 W, where NOx emissions decreased from 545.6 ppm to 442 ppm. This catalyst consistently produced the lowest NOx emissions across all engine speed and load variations. In contrast, the 75% bentonite + 25% CuO catalyst was effective only under certain operating conditions, while the 100% bentonite catalyst generally increased NOx emissions. The catalyst performance was influenced by exhaust gas temperature and gas residence time within the catalytic converter, with the best performance observed at 1800 RPM due to the optimal balance between the CuO activation temperature and the gas–catalyst contact time. Based on these findings, the 50% bentonite + 50% CuO composition has the potential to be developed as an economical and environmentally friendly non-noble metal catalyst for reducing NOx emissions, particularly in supporting the implementation of emission reduction technologies in the maritime sector.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bentonit, Emisi NOx, Katalitik Konverter, Mesin Diesel, Tembaga Oksida (CuO). Catalytic Converter, Copper Oxide (CuO), Bentonite, NOx Emission, Diesel Engine. |
| Subjects: | V Naval Science > V Naval Science (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muhammad Fajri Romadlon |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Aug 2026 05:31 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Aug 2026 05:31 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143096 |
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