Malik, Gazzaz Abdul (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Ukuran Partikel Serbuk Pasir Besi Dan Temperatur Nitridasi Terhadap Karakteristik Fasa Dan Sifat Magnetik Besi Nitrida. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Berbagai kekayaan alam yang melimpah di Indonesia, salah satunya adalah mineral pasir besi yang mengandung magnetit (Fe₃O₄) sebagai bahan baku potensial dalam sintesis material magnetik lanjutan. Salah satu pemanfaatannya adalah dalam pembentukan besi nitrida (Fe–N) yang memiliki sifat magnetik unggul seperti magnetisasi saturasi tinggi dan karakter magnet lunak yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi ukuran nano, Submikron dan mikron partikel magnetit (Fe₃O₄) dan temperatur nitridasi terhadap karakteristik dan sifat magnetik besi nitrida berbasis pasir besi. Variasi ukuran partikel yaitu ukuran nano, Submikron, dan mikron. Proses preparasi variasi ukuran meliputi magnetic separation, reduksi ukuran partikel, kopresipitasi menggunakan HCl dan NH₄OH untuk menghasilkan partikel Fe₃O₄ ukuran nano dan submikron dan variasi lainnya menggunkan proses pengayakan untuk mendapatkan ukuran mikron, serta nitridasi gas menggunakan NH₃ dengan laju aliran 150 mL/menit, temperatur 625℃, 675℃, dan 725℃ selama 4 jam. Karakterisasi dilakukan menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)–Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), dan Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman mengenai hubungan parameter proses terhadap pembentukan fase dan sifat magnetik, sehingga diperoleh kondisi optimal dalam sintesis besi nitrida berbasis pasir besi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, preparasi serbuk magnetit menghasilkan ukuran rata-rata sebesar 83,84 nm untuk sampel nano, 272,77 nm untuk sampel submikron, dan 8,21 µm untuk sampel mikron. Hasil refinement XRD menunjukkan bahwa fasa Fe₃N sebesar 100 wt.% diperoleh pada sampel nano temperatur 625°C dan 675°C serta sampel submikron temperatur 675°C dan 725°C. Pada sampel nano temperatur 725°C, kandungan Fe₃N menurun menjadi 95,25 wt.% dan terbentuk Fe₂N sebesar 4,75 wt.%. Hasil SEM–EDS memperlihatkan morfologi partikel yang tidak beraturan, memiliki permukaan kasar, dan cenderung membentuk struktur lamelar. Seluruh sampel yang diuji menggunakan VSM menunjukkan karakteristik magnet lunak, dengan magnetisasi saturasi tertinggi sebesar 40,160 emu/g pada sampel mikron 625°C dan koersivitas terendah sebesar 27,163 Oe pada sampel nano 625°C. Secara umum, variasi ukuran partikel dan temperatur nitridasi menunjukkan perbedaan dalam pembentukan fasa dan sifat magnetik material besi nitride
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Indonesia possesses abundant natural resources, one of which is iron sand containing magnetite (Fe₃O₄), which has potential as a raw material for the synthesis of advanced magnetic materials. One of its applications is the production of iron nitride (Fe–N), which exhibits excellent magnetic properties, including high saturation magnetization and favorable soft-magnetic characteristics. This study aims to analyze the effects of nanoscale, submicron, and micron-sized magnetite (Fe₃O₄) particles and nitridation temperature on the phase characteristics and magnetic properties of iron nitride derived from iron sand. The particle-size variations investigated in this study were nanoscale, submicron, and micron-sized particles. The preparation process involved magnetic separation, particle-size reduction, and coprecipitation using HCl and NH₄OH to produce nanoscale and submicron Fe₃O₄ particles, while micron-sized particles were obtained through a sieving process. Gas nitridation was subsequently carried out using NH₃ at a flow rate of 150 mL/min at temperatures of 625°C, 675°C, and 725°C for 4 hours. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), particle size analysis (PSA), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The results showed that the average particle sizes of the prepared magnetite powders were 83.84 nm for the nanoscale sample, 272.77 nm for the submicron sample, and 8.21 µm for the micron-sized sample. XRD refinement revealed that 100 wt.% Fe₃N was obtained in the nanoscale samples nitrided at 625°C and 675°C, as well as in the submicron samples nitrided at 675°C and 725°C. In the nanoscale sample nitrided at 725°C, the Fe₃N content decreased to 95.25 wt.%, accompanied by the formation of 4.75 wt.% Fe₂N. SEM–EDS observations showed that the particles exhibited irregular shapes, rough surfaces, and a tendency to form lamellar structures. All specimens characterized using VSM demonstrated soft-magnetic behavior. The highest saturation magnetization of 40.160 emu/g was obtained in the micron-sized sample nitrided at 625°C, whereas the lowest coercivity of 27.163 Oe was observed in the nanoscale sample nitrided at 625°C. Overall, the variations in particle size and nitridation temperature resulted in differences in phase formation and magnetic properties of the iron nitride materials.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kata kunci: Besi Nitrida, Magnetit, Nitridasi Gas, Pasir Besi, Ukuran Partikel Keywords: Gas Nitriding, Iron Nitride, Iron Sand, Magnetite, Particle Size |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA418.9 Composite materials. Laminated materials. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Gazzaz Abdul Malik |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Aug 2026 01:36 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Aug 2026 01:36 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143719 |
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