Experiment Study Of Ceramic Membrane Using Clinoptilolite For Emission Reduction Control Of NOx

Wibawa, Muhammad Arya (2026) Experiment Study Of Ceramic Membrane Using Clinoptilolite For Emission Reduction Control Of NOx. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

To comply with stringent MARPOL Annex VI Tier III regulations and overcome the cost, toxicity, and pressure drop limitations of commercial synthetic zeolite and vanadium-based catalysts, this study evaluates the development and performance of a catalytic ceramic membrane using abundant, low-cost natural clinoptilolite functionalized with transition metals (Iron [Fe] and Copper [Cu]) for nitrogenoxide (NOx) emission abatement. Extruded honeycomb ceramic membranes formulated from clinoptilolite mixed with silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) binders were thermally stabilized via sintering at 250°C and evaluated on a single-cylinder marine diesel engine fueled with pure mineral diesel (B0) across engine speeds of 1600, 1800, and 2000 RPM under loads ranging from 1000 W to 4000 W. Exhaust emission readings (NOx and CO2) recorded with a calibrated gas analyzer demonstrated that while increasing speed and load drastically elevated thermal NOx formation up to a peak baseline of 1131.4 ppm at 1600 RPM / 4000 W, the integration of all catalytic membrane variants consistently suppressed pollutant concentrations below raw engine output. Among the evaluated formulations, the iron-doped composite (Clinoptilolite-Fe) demonstrated superior catalytic activity and thermal adaptability across the operational range, achieving the highest single abatement efficiency of 31.57% at 2000 RPM under 4000 W load (reducing raw emissions from 946.6 ppm to 647.8 ppm) and 23.46% at 1600 RPM / 4000 W, outperforming copper-doped clinoptilolite (peaking at 23.28%) and unmodified natural zeolite (peaking at 22.80%). The enhanced performance of the Clinoptilolite-Fe composite is governed by multivalent Fe^3+/Fe^2+ redox centers within the microporous framework, which lower the chemical activation energy barrier for selective catalytic reduction while preserving structural pore integrity under high space velocities. ============================================================================================================================================
Untuk memenuhi persyaratan ketat MARPOL Annex VI Tier III serta mengatasi keterbatasan biaya, toksisitas, dan penurunan tekanan (pressure drop) yang dimiliki katalis zeolit sintetis dan katalis berbasis vanadium komersial, penelitian ini mengevaluasi pengembangan dan kinerja membran keramik katalitik yang menggunakan klinoptilolit alami yang melimpah dan berbiaya rendah, difungsionalisasi dengan logam transisi besi (Fe) dan tembaga (Cu) untuk menurunkan emisi nitrogen oksida (NOx). Membran keramik berbentuk honeycomb dibuat melalui proses ekstrusi menggunakan campuran klinoptilolit dengan pengikat silika (SiO₂) dan alumina (Al₂O₃), kemudian distabilkan secara termal melalui proses sintering pada suhu 250°C. Membran tersebut diuji pada mesin diesel kapal satu silinder yang menggunakan bahan bakar diesel mineral murni (B0) pada putaran mesin 1600, 1800, dan 2000 RPM dengan beban 1000 W hingga 4000 W. Pengukuran emisi gas buang (NOx dan CO₂) menggunakan gas analyzer yang telah dikalibrasi menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan putaran dan beban mesin secara signifikan meningkatkan pembentukan NOx akibat temperatur tinggi hingga mencapai nilai dasar tertinggi sebesar 1131,4 ppm pada kondisi 1600 RPM dan beban 4000 W. Namun, penerapan seluruh variasi membran katalitik secara konsisten mampu menurunkan konsentrasi polutan dibandingkan emisi asli mesin. Di antara seluruh formulasi yang diuji, komposit klinoptilolit-Fe menunjukkan aktivitas katalitik dan kemampuan adaptasi termal terbaik pada berbagai kondisi operasi, dengan efisiensi reduksi NOx tertinggi sebesar 31,57% pada 2000 RPM dan beban 4000 W (menurunkan emisi dari 946,6 ppm menjadi 647,8 ppm) serta 23,46% pada 1600 RPM dan beban 4000 W, sehingga melampaui kinerja klinoptilolit terdoping tembaga (maksimum 23,28%) maupun zeolit alami tanpa modifikasi (maksimum 22,80%). Kinerja unggul komposit klinoptilolit-Fe dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan pusat redoks multivalen Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ di dalam struktur mikropori, yang mampu menurunkan energi aktivasi reaksi untuk proses Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) sekaligus mempertahankan integritas struktur pori pada kondisi laju alir gas (space velocity) yang tinggi.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ceramic Membrane, Clinoptilolite, Emission Control, Nitrogen Oxides ===== Membran Keramik, Clinoptilolite, Kontrol Emisi, Nitrogen Oksida
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM276.A1 Fuel (Including supplies, costs, etc.)
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Arya Wibawa
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2026 03:10
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2026 03:10
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143787

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