Sintesis Turunan Dihidropirimidinon dengan Bantuan Sonikasi dalam Pelarut Air Menggunakan Katalis Iodin

Zahabiya, Ecce Kamila Ajeng (2026) Sintesis Turunan Dihidropirimidinon dengan Bantuan Sonikasi dalam Pelarut Air Menggunakan Katalis Iodin. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 5004221101-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf Restricted to Repository staff only Download (2MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Dihidropirimidinon (DHPM) merupakan senyawa heterosiklik turunan pirimidin yang umumnya disintesis melalui reaksi Biginelli antara aldehida, senyawa β-ketoester, dan urea dengan bantuan katalis asam. Metode Biginelli konvensional masih banyak menggunakan pelarut organik, pemanasan, serta waktu reaksi yang relatif lama sehingga diperlukan pengembangan metode yang lebih sederhana dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyintesis etil 4-fenil-6-metil-2-okso-1,2,3,4-tetrahidropirimidin-5-karboksilat 4 melalui reaksi Biginelli menggunakan katalis iodin dalam pelarut air dengan bantuan sonikasi. Sintesis dilakukan melalui reaksi satu wadah antara benzaldehida 1, urea 2, dan etil asetoasetat 3 dalam aquades selama 5 menit dengan variasi jumlah katalis iodin sebesar 5, 10, 15, 20, dan 30 mol%. Kondisi terbaik diperoleh pada penggunaan iodin 20 mol% pada suhu ruang, yang menghasilkan senyawa 4 berupa padatan jingga sebanyak 0,4608 g dengan rendemen 75,4% dan titik leleh 236–237 °C. Produk menunjukkan noda tunggal pada KLT menggunakan tiga sistem eluen dan KLT dua dimensi. Identifikasi struktur senyawa hasil sintesis dilakukan menggunakan spektroskopi FTIR, NMR, dan spektrometri massa. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa senyawa hasil sintesis memiliki kesesuaian struktur dengan senyawa 4.
=================================================================================================================================================
Dihydropyrimidinone (DHPM) is a pyrimidine-derived heterocyclic compound that is commonly synthesized through the Biginelli reaction between an aldehyde, a β-ketoester, and urea in the presence of an acid catalyst. Conventional Biginelli methods still commonly employ organic solvents, heating, and relatively long reaction times; therefore, the development of a simpler and more environmentally friendly method is required. This study aimed to synthesize ethyl 4-phenyl-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate 4 through the Biginelli reaction using iodine as a catalyst in water under sonication. The synthesis was carried out through a one-pot reaction between benzaldehyde 1, urea 2, and ethyl acetoacetate 3 in distilled water for 5 min using iodine catalyst loadings of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 mol%. The best conditions were obtained using 20 mol% iodine at 30 °C, affording compound 4 as an orange solid weighing 0.4608 g, with a yield of 75.4% and a melting point of 236–237 °C. The product exhibited a single spot in TLC analyses using three different eluent systems and in two-dimensional TLC. Structural identification of the synthesized compound was performed using FTIR and NMR spectroscopy as well as mass spectrometry. The characterization results confirmed that the synthesized compound was structurally consistent with compound 4.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Dihidropirimidinon, Iodin, Air, Suhu ruang, Sonikasi,Dihydropyrimidinone, Iodine, Water, Room temperature, Sonication.
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD471 Chemical compounds - Structure and formulas
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ecce Kamila Ajeng Zahabiya
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2026 02:08
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2026 02:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143892

Actions (login required)

View Item