Prayoga, Muhammad Ali (2026) Analisis Dampak Pembatasan Daya Mesin (EPL) terhadap Regulasi EEXI dan CII IMO pada Kapal Peti Kemas Rute Indonesia–Singapura. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Penerapan regulasi dekarbonisasi Organisasi Maritim Internasional (IMO) melalui sertifikasi Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI) dan Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) menuntut armada kapal eksisting untuk menekan emisi 〖"CO" 〗_2. Engine Power Limitation (EPL) menjadi opsi modifikasi berbiaya rendah yang paling banyak dipilih oleh pemilik kapal untuk memenuhi EEXI, namun penerapannya berdampak pada penurunan kecepatan operasional, frekuensi pelayaran, dan kinerja finansial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak penerapan EPL terhadap kepatuhan EEXI, pemeringkatan CII, kinerja operasional, serta perubahan biaya dan pendapatan kapal peti kemas yang beroperasi pada rute Indonesia–Singapura (Terminal JICT, TPS, dan TTL). Metodologi penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan kondisi baseline (sebelum EPL) dan skenario sesudah pemasangan EPL pada 12 sampel kapal peti kemas. Analisis menggunakan formulasi matematis standar IMO MEPC.350(78), permodelan intensitas emisi tahunan (2023–2043), serta perhitungan struktur biaya transportasi laut (Time Charter Hire, voyage cost, port cost) dan pendapatan operasional. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sebelum pemasangan EPL, sebanyak 7 dari 12 kapal sampel mengalami defisit efisiensi teknis dan gagal memenuhi kriteria EEXI (defisit mencapai -27,77%). Setelah diterapkannya pembatasan daya mesin (EPL hingga 38,6%–60,0% dari MCR sebenarnya), 100% armada kapal sampel berhasil memenuhi ambang batas EEXI dengan marjin kepatuhan ≥0,01%. Penurunan daya mesin memicu penurunan kecepatan operasional sebesar 1,8 hingga 7,37 knot, yang memperpanjang Round Trip Days (RTD) dan menurunkan frekuensi pelayaran tahunan. Penurunan frekuensi ini berdampak pada berkurangnya emisi 〖"CO" 〗_2 dan konsumsi bahan bakar harian yang membantu memperbaiki peringkat CII kapal dalam jangka pendek hingga menengah. Namun secara ekonomi, meskipun biaya bahan bakar berkurang, penurunan frekuensi pelayaran mengurangi total kapasitas angkut peti kemas tahunan sehingga berdampak pada penurunan total pendapatan perusahaan pelayaran.
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The implementation of International Maritime Organization (IMO) decarbonization regulations through Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI) and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) certifications require existing fleet vessels to reduce 〖"CO" 〗_2 emissions. Engine Power Limitation (EPL) has become the most widely selected low-cost modification option by shipowners to satisfy EEXI requirements; however, its application directly impacts operational speed, sailing frequency, and financial performance. This study aims to analyze the impact of EPL implementation on EEXI compliance, CII rating trajectories, operational performance, and overall cost-and-revenue dynamics for container ships operating along the Indonesia–Singapore route (JICT, TPS, and TTL Terminals). The research methodology compares baseline conditions (pre-EPL) against post-EPL installation scenarios across a sample of 12 container ships. The analysis incorporates standard mathematical formulations from IMO MEPC.350(78), annual emission intensity modeling (2023–2043), and maritime transport cost structure calculations (Time Charter Hire, voyage costs, and port costs) alongside operational revenue assessments. Results indicate that prior to EPL installation, 7 out of the 12 sample vessels suffered technical efficiency deficits and failed to meet EEXI criteria (with deficits reaching up to -27.77%). Following engine power limitation (EPL ranging from 38.6% to 60.0% of actual MCR), 100% of the sample fleet successfully met the EEXI threshold with a compliance margin of ≥0.01%. The reduction in engine power led to a decrease in operational speed ranging between 1.8 and 7.37 knots, extending Round Trip Days (RTD) and reducing annual sailing frequency. While this lower sailing frequency reduced daily fuel consumption and overall 〖"CO" 〗_2 emissions—improving CII ratings in the short to medium term—it reduced total annual container carrying capacity. Consequently, despite fuel cost savings, the loss in carrying capacity ultimately led to a decline in total revenue for the shipping companies.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Energy Efficiency Existing Index (EEXI), Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII), Engine Power Limitation (EPL), Kapal Peti Kemas, Rute Indonesia–Singapura, Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII), Engine Power Limitation (EPL), Container Ships, Indonesia–Singapore Route. |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE564.A1 Shipping H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE566.F7 Freighters. Cargo ships |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Transportation Engineering > 21207-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muhammad Ali Prayoga |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Aug 2026 04:08 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Aug 2026 04:08 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143970 |
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