Analisis Pengaruh Retak, Beban Bending, Dan Beban Torsi Terhadap Umur Lelah Poros Baliing-Baling Kapal

Sanubari, Sultan Awaludin (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Retak, Beban Bending, Dan Beban Torsi Terhadap Umur Lelah Poros Baliing-Baling Kapal. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sektor transportasi laut memegang peranan strategis dalam rantai perdagangan global. Namun, tuntutan International Maritime Organization (IMO) untuk menurunkan emisi karbon dioksida minimal 40% pada tahun 2030 dibandingkan tingkat emisi tahun 2008, sejalan dengan komitmen Perjanjian Paris, mendorong penerapan strategi *slow steaming* dan *engine de-rating* pada kapal. Kegagalan poros baling-baling dapat menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi berupa biaya perbaikan dan waktu tambat kapal, serta membahayakan keselamatan akibat hilangnya kendali dan daya dorong kapal secara tiba-tiba. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini melakukan analisis numerik menggunakan metode elemen hingga berbasis perangkat lunak ANSYS untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh keberadaan retak, beban bending, dan beban torsi secara kombinasi terhadap umur lelah poros baling-baling kapal, dengan variasi retak melintang dan memanjang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai ΔKeq meningkat seiring bertambahnya kedalaman retak pada kondisi pembebanan kombinasi bending dan torsi. Pada kombinasi pembebanan tersebut, beban bending akibat propeller dan shaft masing-masing sebesar 1.158 kg dan 726,56 kg, sedangkan beban torsi sebesar 32.000.000 N·mm. Pada kedalaman retak akhir 43,75 mm, nilai ΔKeq tertinggi diperoleh pada retak memanjang dengan kondisi *plane strain*, yaitu sebesar 114,0294 MPa√mm, sedangkan pada retak melintang dengan kondisi *plane strain* sebesar 109,4884 MPa√mm. Peningkatan nilai ΔKeq menyebabkan laju perambatan retak semakin cepat sehingga jumlah siklus yang dibutuhkan hingga retak mencapai kedalaman akhir semakin berkurang. Hasil perhitungan *fatigue life* menunjukkan umur lelah poros pada kondisi *plane strain* sebesar 14,8273 tahun untuk retak melintang dan 14,8272 tahun untuk retak memanjang.
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The maritime transportation sector plays a strategic role in the global trade chain. However, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) requirement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by at least 40% by 2030 compared to 2008 levels, in line with the Paris Agreement, has encouraged the implementation of *slow steaming* and *engine de-rating* strategies on ships. Propeller shaft failure can result in significant economic losses due to repair costs and vessel downtime, while also posing serious safety risks through the sudden loss of propulsion and ship control. Therefore, this study conducted a numerical analysis using the finite element method implemented in ANSYS software to evaluate the combined effects of crack presence, bending load, and torsional load on the fatigue life of a ship propeller shaft, considering both transverse and longitudinal crack orientations. The results indicate that the equivalent stress intensity factor (ΔKeq) increases with increasing crack depth under combined bending and torsional loading. Under these loading conditions, the bending loads generated by the propeller and shaft were 1,158 kg and 726.56 kg, respectively, while the applied torque was 32,000,000 N·mm. At the final crack depth of 43.75 mm, the highest ΔKeq value was obtained for the longitudinal crack under *plane strain* conditions, reaching 114.0294 MPa√mm, whereas the transverse crack under *plane strain* conditions reached 109.4884 MPa√mm. The increase in ΔKeq accelerated the crack propagation rate, thereby reducing the number of cycles required for the crack to reach its final depth. Fatigue life calculations showed that, under *plane strain* conditions, the propeller shaft fatigue life was 14.8273 years for the transverse crack and 14.8272 years for the longitudinal crack.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Umur lelah, Beban bending, Beban Torsi, Retak, Poros Baling-baling, Fatigue Life, Bending Moment, Torque Load, Crack, Propeller Shaft
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM751 Resistance and propulsion of ships
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Naval Architecture and Shipbuilding Engineering > 36201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Sultan Awaludin Sanubari
Date Deposited:	06 Aug 2026 02:08
Last Modified:	06 Aug 2026 02:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143987

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