Firdaus, Zahrotul (2026) Rancang Bangun Smart Stretcher Berbasis Sinyal Electrocardiography (ECG) Dan Phonocardiography (PCG) Untuk Deteksi Dini Stroke Korban Bencana Tanah Longsor. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
BBencana tanah longsor di Indonesia tercatat sebanyak 212 kejadian pada tahun 2024 dan 184 kejadian hingga Agustus 2025, dengan peningkatan risiko stroke pada korban dalam rentang 24 sampai 48 jam pascabencana. Penelitian ini merancang dan merealisasikan Smart Stretcher berbasis sinyal electrocardiography (ECG) dan phonocardiography (PCG) sebagai media pemantauan kardiovaskular secara real-time untuk mendukung deteksi dini risiko stroke selama evakuasi korban bencana tanah longsor. Sistem menggunakan kain elektroda konduktif sebagai sensor ECG, stetoskop yang dimodifikasi dengan electret condenser microphone sebagai sensor PCG, rangkaian pengondisi sinyal analog, mikrokontroler STM32F103, serta perangkat lunak graphical user interface (GUI) yang mengolah sinyal menggunakan metode Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Cooley–Tukey Radix-2, prinsip analogi dolphin echolocation untuk memperoleh frekuensi acuan, dan Pearson correlation terhadap data pengukuran ECG dan PCG secara real-time. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan penguat instrumentasi AD620 menghasilkan penguatan (gain) sebesar 100x pada rentang frekuensi 10–1.000 Hz. Rangkaian filter ECG tervalidasi pada frekuensi cut-off HPF 0,5 Hz (gain 0,7065 dengan nilai teoretis 0,707), LPF 150 Hz (gain 0,708), dan notch filter 50 Hz (gain 0,100). Rangkaian filter PCG tervalidasi pada HPF 20 Hz (gain 0,705), LPF 500 Hz (gain 0,705), dan notch filter 50 Hz (gain 0,100). FFT diimplementasikan dengan resolusi frekuensi sebesar 0,244 Hz/bin. Pengujian sistem terintegrasi pada tiga posisi tubuh menghasilkan nilai Pearson correlation ECG sebesar 65% (terlentang), 51% (miring kiri), dan 75% (miring kanan), serta nilai Pearson correlation PCG sebesar 69% (terlentang), 68% (miring kiri), dan 72% (miring kanan). Ketiga tujuan penelitian tercapai pada tahap perancangan, implementasi metode, dan pengujian fungsional sistem, dengan seluruh subsistem elektrikal, filter, akuisisi data, dan perangkat lunak berfungsi sesuai spesifikasi saat diuji per blok. Namun, kualitas sinyal ECG dan PCG pada sistem terintegrasi belum sepenuhnya merepresentasikan morfologi fisiologis (kompleks PQRST dan pola S1–S2) akibat gangguan koneksi antarblok, variasi impedansi elektroda, dan artefak gerakan (motion artifact), sehingga nilai korelasi risiko stroke yang dihasilkan belum dapat digunakan sebagai indikator klinis, melainkan sebagai bukti fungsional arsitektur sistem dari akuisisi hingga analisis.
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A total of 212 landslides were recorded in Indonesia in 2024 and 184 incidents through August 2025, with an increased risk of stroke among victims within 24 to 48 hours after the disaster. This study designed and implemented a Smart Stretcher based on electrocardiography (ECG) and phonocardiography (PCG) signals as a means of real-time cardiovascular monitoring to support the early detection of stroke risk during the evacuation of landslide victims. The system uses conductive fabric electrodes as ECG sensors, a modified stethoscope with an electret condenser microphone as a PCG sensor, an analog signal conditioning circuit, an STM32F103 microcontroller, and graphical user interface (GUI) software that processes signals using the Cooley–Tukey Radix-2 Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method, the principle of dolphin echolocation to obtain a reference frequency, and Pearson correlation on real-time ECG and PCG measurement data. Test results show that the AD620 instrumentation amplifier produces a gain of 100x over the frequency range of 10–1,000 Hz. The ECG filter circuit was validated at a high-pass filter (HPF) cutoff frequency of 0.5 Hz (gain 0.7065 with a theoretical value of 0.707), a low-pass filter (LPF) cutoff frequency of 150 Hz (gain 0.708), and a notch filter at 50 Hz (gain 0.100). The PCG filter circuit was validated at an HPF of 20 Hz (gain 0.705), an LPF of 500 Hz (gain 0.705), and a notch filter of 50 Hz (gain 0.100). The FFT was implemented with a frequency resolution of 0.244 Hz/bin. Testing of the integrated system in three body positions yielded ECG Pearson correlation values of 65% (supine), 51% (left lateral), and 75% (right lateral), as well as PCG Pearson correlation values of 69% (supine), 68% (left lateral), and 72% (right lateral). All three research objectives were achieved during the design phase, method implementation, and functional testing of the system, with all electrical, filter, data acquisition, and software subsystems functioning according to specifications when tested block by block. However, the quality of the ECG and PCG signals in the integrated system does not yet fully represent physiological morphology (PQRST complexes and S1–S2 patterns) due to inter-block connection issues, electrode impedance variations, and motion artifacts, so the resulting stroke risk correlation values cannot yet be used as clinical indicators, but rather as functional evidence of the system architecture from acquisition to analysis.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Smart Stretcher, electrocardiography (ECG), phonocardiography (PCG), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), dolphin echolocation, Pearson correlation, bencana tanah longsor, Smart Stretcher, electrocardiography (ECG), phonocardiography (PCG), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), dolphin echolocation, Pearson correlation, landslides disaster. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK5102.9 Signal processing. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > Instrumentation Engineering |
| Depositing User: | Zahrotul Firdaus |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Aug 2026 08:41 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Aug 2026 08:41 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/144067 |
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