Perbandingan Sistem Kontrol P, PI DAN PID Pada Pengaturan Kecepata Aliran Pupuk Dalam Sistem Fertigasi Otomatis

Triyanto, Kukuh (2026) Perbandingan Sistem Kontrol P, PI DAN PID Pada Pengaturan Kecepata Aliran Pupuk Dalam Sistem Fertigasi Otomatis. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Fertigasi otomatis adalah sistem yang menggabungkan irigasi dan pemupukan untuk memastikan tanaman mendapatkan nutrisi yang tepat. Dalam persemaian, terutama untuk reklamasi lahan pasca-tambang, sistem ini sangat penting untuk mendukung pertumbuhan bibit. Namun, jika aliran pupuk dan air tidak dikontrol dengan baik, pencampuran nutrisi bisa tidak merata, yang dapat merusak tanaman. Masalah utama dalam sistem fertigasi adalah ketidakstabilan aliran pupuk akibat kurangnya kontrol yang baik. Jika aliran tidak terjaga, tanaman bisa mendapat terlalu banyak atau terlalu sedikit pupuk, yang berdampak buruk pada pertumbuhannya. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, digunakan metode kontrol Proportional (P), Proportional-Integral (PI), dan Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) untuk mengatur kecepatan Dosing Pump agar pencampuran pupuk dan air lebih presisi. Penelitian ini membandingkan performa ketiga metode kontrol tersebut berdasarkan respons sistem, seperti waktu tanggap, kestabilan aliran, dan overshoot. Hasil pengujian sistem fertigasi otomatis menunjukkan bahwa kontroler Proportional-Integral (PI) berbasis tuning Ziegler-Nichols Tipe 1 dan fine-tuning merupakan metode terbaik dibanding P dan PID. Secara kuantitatif, kontroler PI mampu mencapai setpoint 81 mL/menit dengan rise time 4,0 detik, overshoot kecil sebesar 8,6% (88,0 mL/menit), settling time 12,0 detik, dan error steady-state 0%. Kontroler PI juga terbukti tangguh terhadap gangguan (disturbance rejection) dengan recovery time singkat selama 5,0 detik untuk menjaga laju aliran pupuk tetap stabil.
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Automated fertigation is a system that combines irrigation and fertilization to ensure plants receive the right nutrients. In nurseries, especially for post-mining land reclamation, this system is crucial for supporting seedling growth. However, if the flow of fertilizer and water is not properly controlled, nutrient mixing may be uneven, which can damage the plants. The main problem with fertigation systems is the instability of fertilizer flow due to a lack of proper control. If the flow is not maintained, plants may receive too much or too little fertilizer, which adversely affects their growth. To address this issue, Proportional (P), Proportional-Integral (PI), and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control methods are used to regulate the dosing pump speed, ensuring more precise mixing of fertilizer and water. This study compares the performance of these three control methods based on system responses, such as response time, flow stability, and overshoot. The results of the automated fertigation system testing show that the Proportional-Integral (PI) controller based on Type 1 Ziegler-Nichols tuning and fine-tuning is the best method compared to P and PID. Quantitatively, the PI controller was able to reach a setpoint of 81 mL/minute with a rise time of 4.0 seconds, a small overshoot of 8.6% (88.0 mL/minute), a settling time of 12.0 seconds, and a steady-state error of 0%. The PI controller has also proven to be robust against disturbances (disturbance rejection), with a short recovery time of 5.0 seconds to keep the fertilizer flow rate stable.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Fertigasi otomatis, Dosing Pump, Sistem kontrol P, PI, PID, Automatic fertigation, Dosing Pump, Control system
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK3070 Automatic control
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 36304-Automation Electronic Engineering
Depositing User:	Kukuh Triyanto
Date Deposited:	10 Aug 2026 00:51
Last Modified:	10 Aug 2026 00:51
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/144236

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