Analisis Komparatif Determinan Daya Saing Indonesia Dan Vietnam Dalam Menarik Foreign Direct Investment Periode 1996 - 2021

Josephine, Naomi Delft (2026) Analisis Komparatif Determinan Daya Saing Indonesia Dan Vietnam Dalam Menarik Foreign Direct Investment Periode 1996 - 2021. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 5033221037-Undegraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (5MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis dan membandingkan determinan daya saing Indonesia dan Vietnam dalam menarik foreign direct investment (FDI) selama periode 1996–2021. Analisis didasarkan pada paradigma OLI Dunning, motif FDI, teori kelembagaan, serta kerangka determinan negara penerima UNCTAD. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder tahunan yang bersumber dari World Bank dengan FDI net inflows sebagai variabel dependen, sedangkan variabel independen meliputi pertumbuhan ekonomi, inflasi, Regulatory Quality, dan Natural Resource Rents. Estimasi dilakukan secara terpisah untuk setiap negara menggunakan Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), disertai pengujian stasioneritas, diagnostik model, normalitas residual, stabilitas parameter, dan robustness check. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Indonesia, pertumbuhan ekonomi, inflasi, dan Regulatory Quality berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap FDI pada taraf 5%, sedangkan Natural Resource Rents berpengaruh negatif tetapi tidak signifikan. Secara simultan, seluruh determinan tersebut berpengaruh signifikan terhadap FDI Indonesia. Sementara itu, model Vietnam yang diestimasi menggunakan standard error Newey–West menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi dan inflasi berpengaruh positif tetapi tidak signifikan, sedangkan perubahan Regulatory Quality berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan. Perubahan Natural Resource Rents menjadi satu-satunya variabel yang berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap FDI Vietnam, sementara pengaruh seluruh variabel secara simultan tidak signifikan. Perbandingan kedua negara memperlihatkan bahwa daya tarik FDI Indonesia lebih berkaitan dengan kondisi pasar, stabilitas makroekonomi, dan kualitas regulasi, sedangkan pola FDI Vietnam menunjukkan hubungan yang lebih kuat dengan perubahan ketergantungan terhadap pendapatan sumber daya alam. Dengan demikian, determinan daya saing dalam menarik FDI bersifat spesifik bagi setiap negara sehingga kebijakan investasi perlu disesuaikan dengan karakteristik ekonomi dan kelembagaan masing-masing.
=======================================================================================================================================
This study analyzes and compares the determinants of Indonesia’s and Vietnam’s competitiveness in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) over the 1996–2021 period. The analysis draws on Dunning’s OLI paradigm, FDI motives, institutional theory, and UNCTAD’s host-country determinants framework. Annual secondary data obtained from the World Bank are employed, with FDI net inflows as the dependent variable and economic growth, inflation, Regulatory Quality, and Natural Resource Rents as the independent variables. Separate models are estimated for each country using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), complemented by stationarity tests, model diagnostic tests, residual normality tests, parameter stability tests, and robustness checks. The results show that, in Indonesia, economic growth, inflation, and Regulatory Quality have positive and statistically significant effects on FDI at the 5% level, whereas Natural Resource Rents have a negative but statistically insignificant effect. Collectively, the explanatory variables have a statistically significant effect on Indonesia’s FDI inflows. In contrast, the Vietnamese model, estimated using Newey–West standard errors, indicates that economic growth and inflation have positive but statistically insignificant effects, while changes in Regulatory Quality have a negative and statistically insignificant effect. Changes in Natural Resource Rents are the only variable found to have a negative and statistically significant effect on Vietnam’s FDI inflows, whereas the explanatory variables are not jointly significant. The comparison indicates that Indonesia’s attractiveness to foreign investors is more closely associated with market conditions, macroeconomic stability, and Regulatory Quality, while Vietnam’s FDI pattern demonstrates a stronger relationship with changes in its dependence on natural resource income. These findings suggest that the determinants of FDI competitiveness are country-specific; therefore, investment policies should be tailored to the economic and institutional characteristics of each country.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Foreign Direct Investment, FDI, Inflasi, Inflation, Kualitas Regulasi, Regulatory Quality, Rente Sumber Daya Alam, Natural Resource Rents, OLS, Ordinary Least Squares
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HC Economic History and Conditions > HC441 Macroeconomics. H Social Sciences > HG Finance H Social Sciences > HG Finance > HG4529 Investment analysis H Social Sciences > HG Finance > HG4910 Investments
Divisions:	Faculty of Creative Design and Digital Business (CREABIZ) > Developmental Studies > 60201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Naomi Delft Josephine Manik
Date Deposited:	13 Aug 2026 13:55
Last Modified:	13 Aug 2026 14:19
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/144348

Actions (login required)

View Item