Pembuatan Pupuk Majemuk (SP-15) Dengan Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Limbah Hasil Dari Proses Produksi Di PT. Petrokimia Gresik

Triyaningsih, Novita Yuly (2026) Pembuatan Pupuk Majemuk (SP-15) Dengan Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Limbah Hasil Dari Proses Produksi Di PT. Petrokimia Gresik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

PT. Petrokimia Gresik merupakan pabrik pupuk terlengkap di
Indonesia, memegang peranan penting dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan nasional dengan memproduksi pupuk dan bahan kimia non-pupuk yang berkualitas. Memiliki 3 unit departemen yang terdapat 31 pabrik di dalamnya dengan total keseluruhan kapasitas produksi mencapai 8,9 juta ton/tahun. Besarnya kapasitas produksi memiliki potensi menimbulkan dampak lingkungan, salah satunya hasil samping yang dihasilkan selama proses produksi berlangsung. Dalam proses produksi di PT.Petrokimia Gresik menghasilkan beberapa hasil samping, berupa Sludge Run of Pile (ROP), Sludge Wastewater Treatment (WWT), Neutralize Crude Gypsum (NCG), Fly Ash dan Bottom Ash (FABA). Pengelolaan dari hasil samping diatas menjadi tantangan besar bagi perusahaan sehingga diperlukan adanya inovasi untuk memanfaatkanya dengan penerapan ekonomi sirkular yang sejalan dengan kebijakan pemerintah melalui Program Penilaian Peringkat Kinerja Perusahaan dalam Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup (PROPER). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat dan mengevaluasi formulasi pupuk berbasis limbah produk samping yang dapat dibuat yaitu pupuk majemuk SP-15 melalui proses granulasi skala laboratorium dengan potensi pengaplikasian pembuatan pupuk majemuk SP-15 dipabrik pupuk Phonska alam dengan kapasitas 10.000 ton/tahun.
Variasi formulasi dilakukan dengan memodifikasi komposisi masing-masing bahan baku, sementara kondisi operasi granulasi dijaga konstan. Pupuk hasil granulasi diuji karakteristik fisika dan kimia meliputi, distribusi ukuran granul, kekuatan tekan (hardness), kadar air higroskopis, kadar fosfat (P₂O₅), dan kadar sulfur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan limbah produk samping mampu menghasilkan pupuk SP-15 yang memenuhi spesifikasi kimia yaitu, kadar fosfat (P₂O₅), kadar sulfur (S) serta memiliki karakteristik fisika granul yang baik. Penentuan variasi terbaik dilakukan menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dengan mempertimbangkan parameter fisika dan kimia. Dimana variasi 14 dengan massa sludge ROP sebesar 308,742 gram, massa FABA sebesar 64,976 gram dan massa NCG sebesar 62,855 gram. Dimana kulaitas pupuk yang dihasilkan ditinjau dari karakteristik fisika dengan nilai kekuatan menahan beban (hardness) sebesar 1,74 kg/butir, kemampuan higroskopis sebesar 3,28%, kadar air sebesar 0,68%, distribusi ukuran sebesar 65,23% dan karakteristik kimia dengan kadar fosfat (P₂O₅) sebesar 16,031% dan kadar sulfur 5,622% merupakan variasi terbaik untuk formulasi pupuk SP 15. Karakteristik pupuk variasi 14 telah lolos standar pupuk laboratorium PT Petrokimia Gresik yaitu hardness minimum 1 kg/butir dan kadar air maksimum 3%. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa pemanfaatan sludge ROP, NCG dan FABA sebagai bahan baku dalam formulasi pupuk SP-15 berpotensi mengurangi beban pengelolaan limbah, memperkuat implementasi ekonomi sirkular secara berkelanjutan yang sejalan dengan kebijakan pemerintah dalam PROPER.
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PT. Petrokimia Gresik is the most comprehensive fertilizer factory in Indonesia, playing a vital role in supporting national food security by producing high-quality fertilizers and non-fertilizer chemicals. It has 3 department units with 31 factories within them with a total production capacity of 8.9 million tons/year. The large production capacity has the potential to cause environmental impacts, one of which is the by-products produced during the production process. In the production process at PT. Petrokimia Gresik produces several by-products, in the form of Sludge Run of Pile (ROP), Sludge Wastewater Treatment (WWT), Neutralize Crude Gypsum (NCG), Fly Ash and Bottom Ash (FABA). Management of the above by-products is a major challenge for the company, so innovation is needed to utilize them by implementing a circular economy that is in line with government policy through the Company Performance Rating Program in Environmental Management (PROPER). This study aimed to create and evaluate a fertilizer formulation based on waste byproducts, namely SP-15 compound fertilizer, through a laboratory-scale granulation process. This compound fertilizer has the potential for application at the Phonska Alam fertilizer plant with a capacity of 10,000 tons/year. Formulation variations were carried out by modifying the composition of each raw material, while maintaining constant granulation operating conditions. The resulting granulated fertilizer was tested for its physical and chemical characteristics, including granulez size distribution, compressive strength (hardness), hygroscopic water content, phosphate (P₂O₅), and sulfur content. The results showed that utilizing waste byproducts could produce SP-15 fertilizer that met chemical specifications, namely, phosphate (P₂O₅) and sulfur (S) content, and had good granule physical characteristics. The best variation was determined using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, considering physical and chemical parameters. Where Variation 14 with a mass of ROP sludge of 308.742 grams, a mass of FABA of 64.976 grams and a mass of NCG of 62.855 grams. Where the quality of the resulting fertilizer is reviewed from physical characteristics with a load-bearing strength (hardness) of 1.74 kg/grain, hygroscopic ability of 3.28%, water content of 0.68%, size distribution of 65.23% and chemical characteristics with a phosphate content (P₂O₅) of 16.031% and a sulfur content of 5.622% is the best variation for the SP-15 fertilizer formulation. The characteristics of variation 14 fertilizer have passed the laboratory fertilizer standards of PT. Petrokimia Gresik, namely a minimum hardness of 1 kg/grain and a maximum water content of 3%. This study proves that the use of ROP, NCG and FABA sludge as raw materials in the SP-15 fertilizer formulation has the potential to reduce the burden of waste management, strengthening the implementation of a sustainable circular economy in line with government policies in PROPER.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Pupuk Mejemuk (SP-15), Fly Ash and Bottom Ash (FABA), Sludge WWT, Sludge ROP, Neutralized Crude Gypsum (NCG), Ekonomi Sirkular. Fly Ash and Bottom Ash (FABA), Sludge WWT, Sludge ROP, Neutralize Crude Gypsum (NCG), Circular Economy
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD794.5 Recycling (Waste, etc.) T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD899 Waste control in special industries, plants, processes, etc
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 23902-Engineer Professional Program
Depositing User:	Novita Yuly Triyaningsih
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2026 07:02
Last Modified:	24 Aug 2026 07:02
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/144385

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