Strategi Pengelolaan Air Bersih Perdesaan di Kecamatan Magepanda, Kabupaten Sikka-Propinsi NTT

Laka, Fransiskus (2009) Strategi Pengelolaan Air Bersih Perdesaan di Kecamatan Magepanda, Kabupaten Sikka-Propinsi NTT. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November.

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Abstract

Sistem pengelolaan air bersih perdesaan di Kecamatan Magepanda, Kabupaten Sikka, masih memprihatinkan. Potensi sumber air bersih tersedia, namun jaringan air bersih tidak ada; kalaupun ada, jaringan tersebut telah rusak dan tidak terawat. Kondisi air sumur sepanjang pesisir umumnya telah terintrusi air laut pasca Gempa Flores Tahun 1992. Kebanyakan sumur yang ada telah tercemar E. coli. Saat ini tidak ada organisasi pengelola dan tenaga teknis operasional dan pemeliharaan. Oleh karena itu, pada wilayah ini dibutuhkan suatu strategi dalam pengelolaan air bersih perdesaan. Dalam tesis ini akan dibahas strategi yang diperlukan berdasarkan pada 3 aspek, yaitu aspek teknis, peran serta masyarakat, dan kelembagaan.

Dalam penyusunan strategi dimaksud, maka dilakukan analisis dan pembahasan terhadap aspek teknis meliputi: pemeriksaan kualitas air melalui laboratorium, proyeksi kebutuhan air bersih, dan hidrolisis jaringan perpipaan menggunakan software EPANET Ver. 2.0. Analisis peran serta masyarakat dilakukan dengan deskriptif kualitatif menyangkut bentuk peran serta, kemampuan dan kemauan membayar, serta minat berlangganan jaringan air bersih. Analisis kelembagaan pengelolaan dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif menyangkut bentuk lembaga pengelola yang sesuai dengan karakteristik masyarakat. Untuk keberlanjutan, maka upaya pengelolaan tersebut disusun dalam suatu langkah-langkah yang strategis berdasarkan daya dukung lingkungan. Penyusunan strategi menggunakan hasil dari analisis SWOT.

Berdasarkan hasil analisis, maka prioritas pelayanan jaringan didasarkan pada Clustering and Cost Strategies (CCS), Worst First Strategies (WFS), dan Maximization of the Locations Served Strategies (MLSS). Jaringan tersebut meliputi: Jaringan Magepanda, Jaringan Kolisia, Jaringan Kolisoro, dan Jaringan Pompa Waturia. Dalam proses penggalangan peran serta masyarakat dalam pembebasan lahan, penyediaan tenaga kerja, dan pembayaran iuran, pengelola perlu melibatkan pemuka adat. Untuk menciptakan kesinambungan infrastruktur yang dibangun dengan pelayanan, maka dibentuk organisasi yang mengelola pelayanan air bersih dengan melibatkan masyarakat, aparatur pemerintah desa, dan tokoh/pemuka adat. Organisasi tersebut diatur dengan peraturan daerah (Perda). Hasil analisis SWOT menyatakan bahwa fokus penyusunan strategi adalah pada kuadran 3, W-O, strategi "turn around oriented". Namun demikian, kuadran lain tetap menjadi perhatian sebagai bagian yang terintegrasi dalam pengelolaan penyediaan air bersih di Kecamatan Magepanda. Terdapat 15 (lima belas) strategi untuk mencapai visi dan misi pengelolaan air bersih perdesaan. Selanjutnya, 15 (lima belas) strategi tersebut dilaksanakan melalui 10 (sepuluh) kebijakan dan 11 (sebelas) program.
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The management system of clean water in rural areas in the District of Magepanda, Sikka Regency, is still poor. Natural water resources are potentially available in many places; however, the piping system is not yet available. In some places where piping systems exist, the existing systems have been damaged or are not properly maintained. The well water along the coastal areas is commonly intruded by seawater. This condition was caused by the Flores earthquake in 1992. Moreover, the water is polluted with E. coli. Nowadays, there are no organizations managing the system and no operators who can operate and maintain the system properly. Therefore, a strategy for rural clean-water management in these areas needs to be established. This thesis discusses the strategies needed based on three aspects: technical, public participation, and institutional.

In the technical aspect, analyses of water quality in an environmental laboratory, projections of future water demand, and hydraulic analysis using EPANET Ver. 2.0 have been conducted. The aspect of public participation is analyzed by evaluating the forms of public participation, the ability and willingness to pay water fees, and the willingness of the community to become customers of the water supply management organization. A descriptive-qualitative analysis has been employed to describe the form of management organization that is acceptable to the communities. Finally, for the purpose of program sustainability, the strategies are developed based on the carrying capacity of the local environment. The strategies are developed based on the results of the SWOT analysis.

The results of the analyses suggest that the priorities for the management of the water supply systems are determined based on (i) Clustering and Cost Strategies (CCS), (ii) Worst First Strategies (WFS), and (iii) Maximization of the Locations Served Strategies (MLSS). The distribution systems include Magepanda, Kolisia, Kolisoro, and the Waturia pumping system. To obtain community support for land acquisition, the provision of voluntary workers, and the payment of contributions, the management must involve community leaders in these processes. Moreover, the management organization must involve local communities, village government officials, and community leaders. The structure of the management organization must be legalized by a regency regulation (Perda).

The results of the SWOT analysis suggest that the strategy is focused on the third quadrant, i.e., the W-O strategy or turnaround-oriented strategy. However, strategies from the other quadrants will also be included as a comprehensive approach to the management strategy. Overall, there will be 15 strategies for achieving the vision and mission of the organization. The 15 strategies will be implemented through 10 policies and 11 programs.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Additional Information:	RTL 628.72 Lak s
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Air Bersih Perdesaan, Sistem, Strategi, Daya Dulrung Linglrungan, Keberlanjutan, rural clean-water, system, strategy, the support capacity of local environment , sustainability
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD1698.A1 Water-supply, Rural--Asia.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	magang .
Date Deposited:	21 Sep 2026 03:00
Last Modified:	21 Sep 2026 03:00
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/144717

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