Tinjauan Keanekaragaman Makroinvertebrata Dasar Sebagai Metoda Pengelolaan Lingkungan Kawasan Konservasi Pantai Timur Surabaya

Hendrasarie, Novirina (2001) Tinjauan Keanekaragaman Makroinvertebrata Dasar Sebagai Metoda Pengelolaan Lingkungan Kawasan Konservasi Pantai Timur Surabaya. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat kualitas lingkungan berdasarkan variabel keragaman makroinvertebrata dan parameter lingkungan pada kawasan konservasi berhutan mangrove di Pantai Timur Surabaya; mengetahui hubungan antarvariabel tersebut; membandingkan daerah penelitian dengan pesisir di Situbondo sebagai kontrol; serta mengetahui potensi keragaman makroinvertebrata sebagai metode untuk memantau kualitas lingkungan.

Dari hasil penelitian ini secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingkat kualitas lingkungan di Pantai Timur Surabaya berdasarkan variabel keragaman makroinvertebrata dan parameter lingkungan menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan klasifikasi kerapatan mangrove terdapat tiga zona yang mewakili kualitas lingkungan, yaitu: zona klasifikasi kerapatan mangrove lebat yang diwakili oleh Stasiun 1 (Pesisir Pantai Timur Surabaya), dengan indeks keanekaragaman makroinvertebrata rata-rata sedang, nilai indeks kualitas air (metode WQI) rata-rata sesuai untuk biota laut, dan tekstur tanah 97% lumpur; zona klasifikasi kerapatan mangrove sedang yang diwakili oleh Stasiun 3 (Tambak Pantai Timur Surabaya), dengan indeks keanekaragaman makroinvertebrata rata-rata rendah, nilai indeks kualitas air (metode WQI) rata-rata kurang sesuai untuk biota laut, dan tekstur tanah 95% lumpur; serta zona klasifikasi kerapatan mangrove jarang yang diwakili oleh Stasiun 2 (Muara Kali Wonokromo), dengan indeks keanekaragaman makroinvertebrata rata-rata sangat rendah, nilai indeks kualitas air (metode WQI) rata-rata tidak sesuai untuk biota laut, dan tekstur tanah 97% lumpur.

Jika dibandingkan, kualitas lingkungan di Pantai Timur Surabaya lebih rendah daripada pesisir Situbondo. Di Situbondo, nilai indeks makroinvertebrata berada dalam kategori tinggi, nilai indeks kualitas air (metode WQI) sesuai untuk biota laut, dan kerapatan mangrove tergolong sangat lebat.

Berdasarkan uji statistik dengan metode regresi linier, didapatkan bahwa tingkat keanekaragaman makroinvertebrata berhubungan nyata dengan parameter lingkungan, dengan nilai koefisien determinasi lebih besar dari 60%, yaitu WQI (73%), kerapatan mangrove (69%), pH sedimen (65,5%), tekstur tanah (62%), dan DO (61%). Bertolak dari hasil tersebut, didapatkan bahwa keanekaragaman makroinvertebrata berpotensi sebagai metode alternatif untuk memantau kualitas lingkungan sebagai bagian dari pengelolaan lingkungan. Sebab, dengan mengetahui tingkat keanekaragaman makroinvertebrata, kondisi lingkungan yang menjadi habitat makroinvertebrata tersebut dapat diketahui.
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The purpose of this research is to determine the level of environmental quality based on the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates and environmental parameters in the mangrove forest conservation area of the Surabaya East Coast; to determine the relationships among these variables; to compare the research area with the coastal area of Situbondo as a control; and to determine the potential of benthic macroinvertebrate diversity as a method for monitoring environmental quality.

In general, the results of this research indicate that the level of environmental quality in the Surabaya East Coast, based on the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates and environmental parameters, can be divided into three zones representing different levels of environmental quality based on mangrove density classification. First, the dense mangrove classification zone, represented by Station 1 (the coastal area of the Surabaya East Coast), has a moderate benthic macroinvertebrate diversity index, a water quality index (WQI method) that is suitable for marine biota, and soil consisting of 97% silt. Second, the medium mangrove classification zone, represented by Station 3 (the aquaculture pond area of the Surabaya East Coast), has a low benthic macroinvertebrate diversity index, a water quality index (WQI method) that is less suitable for marine biota, and soil consisting of 95% silt. Third, the sparse mangrove classification zone, represented by Station 2 (the estuary of the Wonokromo River), has a very low benthic macroinvertebrate diversity index, a water quality index (WQI method) that is unsuitable for marine biota, and soil consisting of 97% silt.

When the environmental quality of the Surabaya East Coast is compared with that of the coastal area of Situbondo, the environmental quality of the Surabaya East Coast is lower. In Situbondo, the macroinvertebrate diversity index falls into the high category, the water quality index (WQI method) is suitable for marine biota, and the mangrove density is classified as very dense.

Based on statistical analysis using the linear regression method, there is a significant relationship between the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates and environmental parameters, with coefficients of determination greater than 60%, namely WQI (73%), mangrove density (69%), sediment pH (65.5%), soil texture (62%), and DO (61%). Therefore, based on these results, benthic macroinvertebrate diversity has the potential to serve as an alternative method for monitoring environmental quality as part of environmental management. By determining the level of benthic macroinvertebrate diversity, the condition of the environment in which these benthic macroinvertebrates live can be assessed.
Zulaika E, 2000, Aionitoring Kualitas Perairan lvfenggunakan Bioindikator (Plankton
dan Bentos), Seminar Nasional Bencana Lingkungan Sungai dan Pantai di
DAS Brantas, ITS - Surabaya

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Additional Information:	RT 574.5 Hen t
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kawasan konscrvasi, mangrove, makroin vcrtcbratn clasar, bioinclikator, struktur komunitas, conservation area, mangrove, diversity, benthic macroinvertebrae, bioindicator, the structue of community.
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Theses
Depositing User:	magang .
Date Deposited:	21 Sep 2026 07:06
Last Modified:	21 Sep 2026 07:06
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/144738

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