Himawan, Fahmi (2005) Arsitektur Berkelanjutan Dayak Kenyah Ditinjau Dari Aspek Kenyamanan Termal: Studi Kasus Di Desa Pampang Samarinda Utara, Kalimantan Timur. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November.
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Abstract
Studi keberlanjutan arsitektur suku Dayak Kenyah ditujukan pada aspek kenyamanan termal, meliputi pertimbangan-pertimbangan: efisiensi energi, iklim, material, penghuni, tapak dan lingkungan serta desain holistik. Obyek arsitektur yang distudi adalah lamin tradisional (long-house) di hulu dan hilir pedalaman, serta rumah tunggal (single-family house) di desa Pampang. Sementara studi aspek kenyamanan termal, menganalisa dan membahas kondisi termal internal arsitektur suku Dayak Kenyah di desa Pampang, baik Lamin tradisional maupun rumah tunggal modern. Studi ini diawali dengan mencatat data iklim kota Samarinda selama rentang waktu sepuluh tahun, dan merekam data serta mengukur kondisi termal bangunan sampel di lapangan. Hasil pendataan dan pengukuran lalu disimulasikan dengan paket software komputer termal-Archipak dan angin-Aiolos, untuk mendeteksi serta memodifikasi variasi desain bentuk dan elemen bangunan yang memberi pengaruh penting terhadap kenyamanan termal internal arsitektur suku Dayak Kenyah, utamanya rumah tunggal modern. Desain bentuk dan elemen yang diamati antara lain: orientasi bangunan, sistem lantai, konstruksi atap, sistem pembayangan, sistem ventilasi, serta konstruksi material bangunan. Hasil akhir penelitian menunjukkan bahwa arsitektur Dayak Kenyah dengan segala perkembangan desainnya, memiliki nilai-nilai keberlanjutan yang tinggi ditinjau dari aspek kenyamanan termal. Dimana beberapa desain bentuk dan elemen bangunan Dayak Kenyah memberi pengaruh penting terhadap kondisi termal internal yang lebih baik pada ruang tengah. Ventilasi permanen berupa lubang atap dan jalusi, terkait dengan pendayagunaan energi angin. Elemen pembayangan berupa overhang dan teritis, khususnya pada bukaan kaca, sebagai perlindungan dari tingginya radiasi. Pemakaian plafon, sebagai penghambat radiasi atap. Pemilihan bahan kayu untuk lantai, dinding, atap, dan bukaan menunjang kenyamanan termal ruang, khususnya saat malam dan pagi hari untuk dinding kayu. Dominasi kayu juga terkait dengan aspek keberlanjutan kayu sebagai bahan lokal yang ekonomis, alami, dapat diperbaharui, tidak beracun dan tidak menyebabkan efek global warming. Orientasi bangunan mengarah Barat-Timur dengan sisi panjang bangunan menghadap Utara-Selatan ternyata menghasilkan termal lebih dingin daripada orientasi lain, dan mengoptimalkan lubang bukaan terhadap arah angin dan meminimalisir bahan kaca dari arah radiasi. Sementara itu sistem lantai panggung lebih terkait erat dengan aspek pertimbangan agar tidak merusak tapak. Sedangkan pemakaian bahan kaca terkait dengan usaha pemanfaatan energi penerangan alami.
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The purpose of the study of sustainable Dayak Kenyah's architecture is intended for the thermal comfort aspects, including: conserving energy, working with climate, minimizing new resources, respect for users, respect for site, and holism. The studied object of architecture is the traditional longhouse at the upriver and hinterland downstream, and also the single-family house at Pampang village. Meanwhile the study of thermal comfort aspect analyzes and discusses about the condition of thermal internal of Dayak Kenyah's architecture at Pampang village, including traditional longhouse and single-family house. It is started with recording of Samarinda's climate data during ten years and measuring the sample's thermal condition of the building in the field. The data is then simulated by computer software package of Archipak and Aiolos, to detect and modify the variation of the form design and the element of building which presents a significant influence towards thermal internal of Dayak Kenyah's architecture, for the modern single family house mostly. The observed design of form and the observed element are the orientation of the building, the structure and the height of the floor, the shape of the roof and the construction of ceiling, the shading devices, the elements of ventilation, and also the material of the building. The final result of the research indicates that the architecture of Dayak Kenyah owns high sustainable values which are observed from the thermal comfort aspects. Some designs of form and elements of building of Dayak Kenyah present a significant influence towards the better condition of thermal internal in the middle room. The permanent ventilation holes in the form of roof hole and bovenlicht relate to utilization of natural wind energy. The existence of shading device which covers up the window's area, especially at the glass window, acts as protection from high radiation. The usage of ceiling element acts as the resistor of roof radiation. The usage of wood material for the floor, the wall, the roof and the opening supports the comfort of thermal room, especially in the night and in the morning for the wood wall. The dominance of wood material is also related to the aspect of sustainable wood material as the local material which is economical, natural, regenerative, renewable resources, non-toxic, and doesn't cause global warming effect. The orientation of building with West-East direction, where the long side of the building faces North-South, results in colder thermal conditions than other orientations, optimizing the hole openings towards wind direction and minimizing glass materials from the direction of radiation. Meanwhile the suspended floor system is more related to the consideration aspect of preventing the destruction of building site. While the usage of glass material is related to the effort of exploitation of natural lighting energy.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RTA 720.959 83 Him a |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Desain arsitektur Kenyah, Arsitektur berkelanjutan, Aspek kenyamanan termal, Design of Dyak Kenyah's Architecture Sustainable architecture, Thermal comfort aspect |
| Subjects: | N Fine Arts > NA Architecture > NA2750 Architectural design. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Architechture > 23101-(S2) Master Theses |
| Depositing User: | magang . |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Sep 2026 02:03 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Sep 2026 02:03 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/144767 |
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