Pra Desain Pabrik Garam Farmasi dari Garam Rakyat dengan Metode Multiple Effect Evaporator

Sari, Odina Nadya and Salsabila, sofia Putri (2022) Pra Desain Pabrik Garam Farmasi dari Garam Rakyat dengan Metode Multiple Effect Evaporator. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Garam farmasi memiliki kadar NaCl di atas 99,5% dan impuritas mendekati 0, serta kandungan pengotor seperti Ca dan Mg \< 50 ppm, sulfat \< 150 ppm, serta tidak adanya logam berat lainnya. Garam rakyat memiliki kemurnian \>80% sehingga perlu diberdayakan oleh industri pengolahan garam agar dapat ditingkatkan kualitasnya sehingga memenuhi persyaratan sebagai garam farmasi. Lokasi yang dipilih untuk mendirikan pabrik garam farmasi ini ditetapkan berada di Kalianget, Kabupaten Sumenep, Madura. Garam rakyat dilarutkan dengan air proses untuk menghilangkan impuritasnya yang berupa Na, Ca, dan Mg dengan menggunakan BaCl₂, NaOH, dan Na₂CO₃. Larutan garam dipekatkan menggunakan _multiple effect evaporator_ hingga mencapai kondisi _saturated brine_ yang selanjutnya dipompa menuju _vacuum pan crystallizer_ V-220. Hasil dari _vacuum pan crystallizer_ yang berupa slurry dialirkan menuju _centrifuge_ H-230 untuk proses pemisahan. Selanjutnya, kristal garam akan dikeringkan dengan menggunakan _rotary dryer_ (B-310) yang dipanaskan dengan menggunakan udara panas. Kristal garam yang keluar dari _rotary dryer_ (B-310) dialirkan menuju proses pengendalian produk, yakni kristal natrium klorida dihaluskan menggunakan _pin mill_ (C-420) dan dipisahkan ukurannya menggunakan _screener_ (H-420) hingga ukurannya seragam, yaitu 50 mesh. Untuk dapat mendirikan pabrik dengan kapasitas 88.808,672 ton/tahun dengan waktu operasi 330 hari kerja, diperlukan CAPEX (_Capital Expenditure_) yang terdiri dari biaya langsung (_Direct Cost_, DC) dan biaya tidak langsung (_Indirect Cost_, IC) sebesar Rp140.577.400.052, OPEX (_Operating Expenditure_) yang terdiri dari biaya pembuatan (_Manufacturing Cost_, MC) dan biaya pengeluaran umum (_General Expenses_, GE) sebesar Rp111.106.584.550,60. Diperoleh nilai IRR sebesar 41,24%, POT sebesar 2,923758 tahun, dan NPV sebesar Rp218.584.316.091 (positif). Sehingga, berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, pabrik garam farmasi ini layak untuk didirikan.
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Pharmaceutical salt has a NaCl content above 99.5% with impurities close to 0, including Ca and Mg \< 50 ppm, sulfate \< 150 ppm, and no other heavy metals. People's salt has a purity of \>80%, so it needs to be processed by the salt processing industry to improve its quality and meet the requirements for pharmaceutical salt. The location selected for establishing the pharmaceutical salt plant is Kalianget, Sumenep Regency, Madura. People's salt is dissolved in process water to remove impurities such as Na, Ca, and Mg using BaCl₂, NaOH, and Na₂CO₃. The salt solution is concentrated using a multiple-effect evaporator until it reaches a saturated brine condition, which is then pumped to the vacuum pan crystallizer V-220. The slurry produced by the vacuum pan crystallizer is conveyed to the centrifuge H-230 for the separation process. Furthermore, the salt crystals are dried using a rotary dryer (B-310), which is heated with hot air. The salt crystals leaving the rotary dryer (B-310) are conveyed to the product control process, where the sodium chloride crystals are ground using a pin mill (C-420) and separated according to size using a screener (H-420\) until a uniform size of 50 mesh is obtained.
To establish a plant with a capacity of 88,808.672 tons/year and an operating period of 330 working days, a CAPEX (Capital Expenditure) consisting of direct costs (Direct Cost, DC) and indirect costs (Indirect Cost, IC) of Rp140,577,400,052 is required. The OPEX (Operating Expenditure) consists of manufacturing costs (Manufacturing Cost, MC) and general expenses (General Expenses, GE) amounting to Rp111,106,584,550.60. The resulting IRR is 41.24%, the POT is 2.923758 years, and the NPV is Rp218,584,316,091 (positive). Based on the analyses that have been conducted, the pharmaceutical salt plant is feasible to be established.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Additional Information:	664.4 Sar p-1
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Garam Rakyat, Garam Farmasi, NaCl, Multiple Effect Evaporator , Solar Salt, Pharmaceutical Salt, NaCl, Multiple Effect Evaporator
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP156 Crystallization. Extraction (Chemistry). Fermentation. Distillation. Emulsions.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	magang .
Date Deposited:	29 Sep 2026 08:22
Last Modified:	29 Sep 2026 08:22
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/145038

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