Virgiansyah, Faris and Muhamad, Hubbal Maulana (2022) Pabrik Purifikasi Landfill Gas menjadi Precipitated Calcium Carbonate dan Biomethane. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara berkembang yang banyak membutuhkan energi. Kebutuhan energi nasional hingga tahun 2050 terus meningkat sekitar 5,3% per tahun. Tercatat oleh SKK Migas pada tahun 2017, bauran energi sebesar 32% minyak bumi, 28% gas, 31% batu bara, dan 9% energi terbarukan. Dengan kata lain, Indonesia masih bergantung pada energi tidak terbarukan. Salah satu sumber energi terbarukan yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia adalah landfill gas (LFG). LFG adalah gas yang dihasilkan secara alami dari dekomposisi sampah organik. Salah satu TPA yang menghasilkan LFG adalah TPA Supit Urang di Kota Malang dengan komposisi 58,4% CH₄, 38,6% CO₂, 1% N₂, dan 2% H₂S. Gas CH₄ merupakan komponen utama biogas yang merupakan bahan bakar yang berguna karena mempunyai nilai kalor yang cukup tinggi, yaitu sekitar 4.800–6.700 Kkal/m³. Gas CH₄ murni mengandung energi sebesar 8.900 Kkal/m³. Oleh karena itu, LFG akan jauh lebih baik kualitasnya apabila dimurnikan. Pemurnian LFG dengan metode karbonasi akan membentuk produk samping berupa CaCO₃ yang dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). PCC banyak digunakan sebagai filler di berbagai industri, seperti kertas, tekstil, hingga karet. Berdasarkan data dari Kemenperin Indonesia, konsumsi PCC di dunia hingga tahun 2016 mencapai 108,5 juta ton, dengan industri kertas sebagai konsumen terbesar sebanyak 6 juta ton. Proses pemurnian LFG secara umum terbagi menjadi empat bagian pokok proses, yakni tahap pre-treatment H₂S, tahap pencampuran CaO dan air, tahap purifikasi dan dehidrasi LFG, serta tahap pembentukan PCC. Pabrik ini direncanakan beroperasi pada tahun 2025 dengan kapasitas bahan baku 252 m³ LFG/jam. Untuk mendirikan pabrik ini, diperlukan biaya capital expenditure sebesar Rp26.702.864.314,75 dan biaya operating expenditure sebesar Rp42.182.283.421,08. Selain itu, berdasarkan perhitungan analisis ekonomi, dapat diketahui bahwa NPV (Net Present Value) sebesar Rp77.777.640.777,00; IRR (Internal Rate of Return) sebesar 13,83% per tahun; POT (Pay Out Time) selama 7,09 tahun; dan BEP (Break Even Point) sebesar 45,76% kapasitas total.
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Indonesia is a developing country that requires a significant amount of energy. National energy demand is expected to continue increasing by around 5.3% per year until 2050. SKK Migas recorded that in 2017, the energy mix consisted of 32% oil, 28% gas, 31% coal, and 9% renewable energy. In other words, Indonesia is still dependent on non-renewable energy. One of the renewable energy sources that has the potential to be developed in Indonesia is landfill gas (LFG). LFG is a gas naturally produced from the decomposition of organic waste. One of the landfills that produces LFG is Supit Urang Landfill in Malang City, with a composition of 58.4% CH₄, 38.6% CO₂, 1% N₂, and 2% H₂S. CH₄ is the main component of biogas and is a useful fuel because it has a relatively high calorific value, which is approximately 4,800–6,700 Kcal/m³. Pure CH₄ gas contains approximately 8,900 Kcal/m³ of energy. Therefore, the quality of LFG can be significantly improved through purification. The purification of LFG using the carbonation method produces a by-product in the form of CaCO₃, which can be utilized as precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). PCC is widely used as a filler in various industries, such as the paper, textile, and rubber industries. Based on data from the Indonesian Ministry of Industry, global PCC consumption reached 108.5 million tons in 2016, with the paper industry being the largest consumer, accounting for 6 million tons. The LFG purification process is generally divided into four main stages, namely H₂S pre-treatment, CaO and water mixing, LFG purification and dehydration, and PCC formation. This plant is planned to operate in 2025 with a raw material capacity of 252 m³ LFG/hour. To establish this plant, a capital expenditure of Rp26,702,864,314.75 and an operating expenditure of Rp42,182,283,421.08 are required. Furthermore, based on the economic analysis, the results are as follows: NPV (Net Present Value) of Rp77,777,640,777.00; IRR (Internal Rate of Return) of 13.83% per year; POT (Pay Out Time) of 7.09 years; and BEP (Break Even Point) of 45.76% of total capacity.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | 662.88 Vir p-1 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | CO2, Energi, Landfill Gas, Pemurnian, Precipitated Calcium Carbonate , CO2, Energy, Landfill Gas, Precipitated Calcium Carbonate, Purification |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359 Biogas |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | magang . |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Sep 2026 08:43 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Sep 2026 08:43 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/145106 |
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