Utami, Widji (2009) Desain Alat Distilasi Untuk Memperoleh Etanol Dengan Kadar Optimum. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November.
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Abstract
Packed kolom destilasi sering digunakan untuk proses pemisahan skala laboratorium ketika kolom distilasi dengan desain plate atau tray sangat sulit dibuat dalam ukuran kecil. Packing disusun dalam kolom destilasi untuk meningkatkan luas permukaan kontak antara aliran liquida yang mengalir ke bawah dengan aliran uap ke atas dalam kolom destilasi. Melalui penelitian ini dibuat suatu desain alat pemisahan berupa packed kolom destilasi untuk memperoleh etanol dengan kadar optimum. Penentuan diameter dan tinggi kolom dilakukan secara komputasi dengan program MATLAB 11. Pengujian peralatan dilakukan dengan larutan etanol air dengan variabel masukan umpan Z, ½ Z dan Z. Validasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil destilasi melalui simulasi dengan hasil pengujian. Pengujian kadar etanol dilakukan dengan picnometer dan GC. Perhitungan secara simulasi memberikan hasil untuk laju masukan umpan 2,525 lt/jam, ukuran diameter kolom 0,2504 ft atau 7,07 cm dan tinggi kolom adalah 2,0736 ft atau 63,2042 cm. Kadar destilat yang diperoleh relatif konstan, dan kondisi optimal alat untuk menghasilkan kadar etanol optimum dicapai bila umpan masuk pada posisi ½ Z, yaitu menghasilkan kadar destilat 83,396% b/v atau 66.288 %mol dengan efisiensi kolom 41,543% dan laju destilasi 63 ml/jam.
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Packed column distillation is usually used to do separation process in laboratory scale when a small size would make the design of conventional fractionating plates difficult and the construction would be relatively more expensive. Packing is arranged inside the column to increase the area contact surface between liquid flow down and the vapor flow up inside the column. In this research, we design a continuous packed column distillation, to get ethanol in optimum concentration. The type of packing is 3/8 in of ceramic Raschigh ring. We use MATLAB 11 program to compute diameter number and height number of column. The test of instrument using ethanol-water solution, with inlet variables of ½ and ½ of column height, and for the validation, we compare the simulation result and the testing of the instrument. We use picnometer and GC to measure the concentration of ethanol. Simulation result for 2,525 lt/hr of feed inlet give the number of diameter is 0,2504 ft or 7,07 cm and the number of height is 2,0736 ft or 63,2042 cm. Distillation using this device can produce ethanol with constant concentration, and the optimum condition to produce ethanol in optimum concentration is gain if the feed is in from inlet position of ½ Z, it produce ethanol concentration of 83,396% of w/v or 66,288% of mole with 41,543% of column efficiency and 63 ml/hr of distillation rate.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | 660.283 Uta d |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | etanol, destilasi, packed bed, kontinyu, ethanol, distillation, packed bed, continuous. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.3 Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Science > Chemistry > 47101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | magang . |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Oct 2026 08:21 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Oct 2026 08:21 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/145214 |
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