Pengendalian reaktor biogas dengan menggunakan model predictive control (MPC)

Mawarni, Ruli Retno and Kasmila, Wa Ode (2008) Pengendalian reaktor biogas dengan menggunakan model predictive control (MPC). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Biogas merupakan gas hasil aktivitas biologi melalui proses fermentasi anaerob dan merupakan energi terbarukan, karena ketersediaannya dapat diperbarui. Keberhasilan proses pencernaan bergantung pada kelangsungan hidup bakteri methanogen di dalam reaktor, sehingga beberapa kondisi yang mendukung berkembangbiaknya bakteri ini di dalam reaktor perlu diperhatikan. Pengendalian reaktor biogas diperlukan agar prosesnya menjadi stabil dan hasilnya optimal. Namun, kondisi optimal tersebut cukup sulit dicapai karena pengendalian reaktor ini melibatkan banyak variabel. Sistem yang diambil merupakan Single-Input Single-Output (SISO). Variabel yang dikendalikan adalah tekanan biogas dan variabel yang dimanipulasi adalah laju alir feed. Persamaan matematis berdasarkan neraca massa disusun untuk menghitung tekanan biogas. Model Predictive Control (MPC) merupakan metode pengendalian yang mampu menentukan serangkaian gerakan pengendalian sehingga respons output yang diprediksi bergerak mendekati set-point dalam suatu cara yang optimal. Parameter-parameter dalam MPC meliputi T (sample time), P (prediction horizon), M (control horizon), Q (controlled variable weight), dan R (manipulated variable weight). Dalam penelitian ini, parameter-parameter hasil pengendalian menunjukkan respons tidak bisa menuju ke set-point apabila diberikan gangguan dan JAE infinite. Pengendalian dengan menggunakan PID menunjukkan hasil respons pengendalian yang stabil dan pada saat diberikan gangguan proses bisa menuju ke set-point.
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Biogas is a gas resulting from biological activity through an anaerobic fermentation process and represents renewable energy because its availability can be renewed. The efficiency of the digestion process depends on the continuity of methanogenic bacteria in the reactor, so some conditions supporting the growth of these bacteria in the reactor require attention. Control of the biogas reactor is needed to make the process stable and achieve optimal results. However, the optimal condition is difficult to achieve because the control of this reactor involves many variables. The control system investigated here is Single-Input Single-Output (SISO). The controlled variable is biogas pressure (PI), and the manipulated variable is feed flow rate. Mathematical equations based on mass balance are developed to calculate biogas pressure. Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a control method that is able to determine a sequence of control moves so that the predicted output response moves toward the set-point in an optimal manner. The parameters in MPC are T (sample time), P (prediction horizon), M (control horizon), Q (controlled variable weight), and R (manipulated variable weight). In this research, a good response of the controlled parameter with low deviation from the set-point cannot be obtained when a disturbance is introduced, resulting in an infinite IAE. Control using a PID Controller provides a more stable control response, and even when a disturbance is applied, the set-point can still be reached.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Additional Information:	629.8 Kas p
Uncontrolled Keywords:	pengendallan, tekanan, biogas, MPC, SISO, Control, pressure, biogas, Ml'C, SISO
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ217.6 Predictive Control
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	magang .
Date Deposited:	07 Oct 2026 06:53
Last Modified:	07 Oct 2026 06:53
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/145392

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