Hidayati, Nur and Puspita, Grazeila Dinda Dwi (2017) Pabrik Bioetanol dari Molase melalui Fermentasi dengan Pemurnian Distilasi dan Adsorpsi. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Bioetanol adalah etanol yang dihasilkan dari fermentasi glukosa (gula) yang dilanjutkan dengan proses distilasi. Proses produksi dilakukan menggunakan proses fermentasi dengan pemurnian distilasi dan adsorpsi. Pabrik bioetanol dengan kapasitas 24.000 ton bioetanol/tahun akan didirikan di Kawasan Industri Kediri, Jawa Timur pada tahun 2021 dengan pertimbangan kemudahan akses bahan baku dan distribusi produk. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah molase. Proses produksi bioetanol dibagi menjadi tiga tahap. Tahap propagasi yaitu proses aerob bertujuan untuk perkembangbiakan yeast yaitu dilakukan pada temperatur 60 °C. Tahap fermentasi yang berlangsung pada temperature 32 °C terjadi proses anaerob dilanjutkan dengan anaerob dengan tujuan agar yeast dapat mengkonversi gula menjadi etanol. Tahap pemurnian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan produk bioethanol dengan grade fuel grade terdiri dari proses evaporasi, distilasi, dan adsorpsi. Proses evaporasi menggunakan backward feed-quadruple effect evaporator dengan arah aliran co-current. Proses distilasi menghasilkan kadar etanol sebesar 90%. Sedangkan proses dehidrasi bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kadar etanol 99,5%. Pabrik ini direncanakan beroperasi secara kontinyu selama 300 hari/tahun dengan basis 1 hari. Bahan baku molase yang dibutuhkan sebanyak 168.541,631 kg molase/hari dengan bahan baku pendukung berupa Process Water, Ammonium Sulfate, dan yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. Kebutuhan utilitas meliputi air sanitasi, air make up pendingin, dan air make up boiler.
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Bioethanol is the ethanol produced from the fermentation of glucose (sugar) followed by the distillation process. The production process is carried out using a fermentation process with purification of distillation and adsorption. The bioethanol plant with a capacity of 24,000 tons of bioethanol / year will be established in Industrial region at Kediri, East Java in 2021 with consideration of ease of raw material access and product distribution. The raw materials used are molasses. The bioethanol production process is divided into three stages. Propagation stage is aerobic process aimed for yeast breeding that is done at temperature 60 ° C. Fermentation stage that takes place at 32 ° C occurs anaerobic process followed by anaerobic with the aim that yeast can convert sugar to ethanol. Purification stage aimed to get bioethanol product with grade fuel grade consist of evaporation, distillation, and adsorption process. The evaporation process uses a backward feed-quadruple effect evaporator with co-current flow direction. The distillation process yields ethanol content of 90%. While the dehydration process aims to get ethanol 99.5%. The plant is planned to operate continuously for 300 days / year on a 1 day basis. The required raw material of molasses is 168.541,631 kg of molasses / day with supporting materials such as Process Water, Ammonium Sulfate and yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. Utility needs include sanitary water, cooling makeup water, and boiler make up water.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Diploma) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bioetanol, molase, fermentasi, dehidrasi |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QR Microbiology T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24401-(D3) Diploma 3 |
| Depositing User: | NUR HIDAYATI |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Oct 2017 02:21 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Mar 2019 02:55 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/45465 |
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