Cahyono, Hanun A.R. (2018) Analisis Fatigue pada Slewing Tower Level Luffing Crane Berbasis Metode Elemen Hingga. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Majunya sektor industri di Indonesia, menuntut adanya fasilitas infrastruktur yang memadai dalam pelaksanaan proses produksi maupun distribusi. Tidak kalah penting adalah pengadaan peralatan pemindah bahan, salah satunya adalah crane. Crane merupakan alat yang bekerja dengan mengangkat, memindahkan secara horizontal, kemudian menurunkan material di tempat yang diinginkan. Tidak hanya tegangan statis, pergerakan dalam mengangkat material secara vertikal maupun horizontal, menyebabkan tegangan dinamis yang juga turut berpengaruh terhadap ketahanan struktur crane. Tegangan dinamis berulang inilah yang dapat menyebabkan kelelahan (Fatigue) sehingga terjadi kegagalan seperti retak (Crack). Salah satunya adalah yang terjadi pada bagian tower Slewing Tower Level Luffing Crane produksi PT. Lelangon yang telah beroperasi selama 4 tahun di Tanjung Emas, Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Berhubungan dengan kasus tersebut, pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisa fatigue menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga (MEH).
Analisis dilakukan dengan pembebanan vertikal dan horizontal pada bagian tower menggunakan simulasi software ANSYS Workbench 18.0. Selain untuk verifikasi data beban desain, perhitungan secara statis dengan beban aktual maksimal yaitu 20 ton dilakukan untuk memperoleh pembebanan yang akan digunakan pada tahap simulasi sebagai load condition. Kemudian, simulasi static structural dilakukan hanya pada bagian tower yang terbuat dari material High Strength Steel S355J2G3 dengan kondisi batas fixed support pada bagian dasar. Sebagai tahap proses validasi, hasil analisis fatigue melalui simulasi akan dibandingkan dengan perhitungan manual menggunakan aturan Palmgreen Miner untuk memperoleh fatigue life, berikut fatigue damage dan safety factor.
Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa pada pembebanan secara vertikal dan horizontal, fatigue life dari Slewing Tower Level Luffing Crane ini jauh melebihi service life saat munculnya keretakan yaitu 3 tahun. Selain itu, fatigue life yang didapat juga masih berada di atas designed life 15 tahun. Hal ini diikuti dengan fatigue damage dan safety factor yang menunjukkan bahwa konstruksi crane aman dengan kondisi pembebanan tersebut. Hasil ini menjadi bukti bahwa kegagalan berupa crack yang terjadi bukan disebabkan oleh fatigue. Terlebih lagi, kegagalan akibat fatigue secara vertikal maupun horizontal juga tidak akan terjadi hingga melebihi designed life.
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The advancement of the industrial sector in Indonesia requires an adequate infrastructure facilities for the implementation of production and distribution processes. Somtehing no less important is the procurement of material transfer equipment, one of it which is crane. Crane is a tool that works by lifting, moving horizontally, then placing the material in the desired place. Not only static stress, movements of lifting material vertically or horizontally, cause dynamic stress that also affects the resistance of the crane structure. This repetitive dynamic stress can cause fatigue resulting failure, such as cracking. One of the example happened to the tower part of Slewing Tower Level Luffing Crane that was produced by PT. Lelangon which has been operating for 4 years in Tanjung Emas, Semarang, Central Java. In connection with this case, in this research fatigue analysis was carried out using Finite Element Method (MEH).
The analysis was performed with vertical and horizontal loadings on the tower part using ANSYS Workbench 18.0 software simulation. In addition to the Designed data load verification, static calculation with the maximum actual load of 20 tons was performed to obtain loads that will be used in the simulation process as the load condition. Then, static structural simulation was done only on the tower part that was made of High Strength Steel S355J2G3 material with fixed support on its base section. As the stage of the validation process, the results of fatigue analysis through simulation were compared with manual calculation using Palmgreen Miner’s rule to obtain fatigue life, fatigue damage, and safety factor.
The result of this research is that with either vertical and horizontal loadings, fatigue life of Slewing Tower Level Luffing Crane is far beyond service life when crack started to emerge which is 3 years. Besides, fatigue life that was obtained is still above 15 years designed life. These are followed by fatigue damage and safety factor that indicate that the crane construction is safe under those actual loading conditions. These results prove that the crack failure is not caused by fatigue. Furthermore, failure due to fatigue vertically and horizontally also will not occur until it reaches designed life.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSM 621.873 Cah a-1 3100018076608 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Slewing Tower Level Luffing Crane, Fatigue Life, Fatigue Damage, Safety Factor, Metode Elemen Hingga |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA347 Finite Element Method T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA418.38 Materials--Fatigue. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA645 Structural analysis (Engineering) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ1363 Cranes, derricks, etc. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Hanun Ariibah Romiizah Cahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Dec 2020 03:45 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Dec 2020 03:45 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/55501 |
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