Nazaruddin, Nazaruddin (2019) Analisa Teknis dan Ekonomis Perancangan Cold Storage Ikan Kapasitas 500 Ton dengan Sistem Refrigerasi Cascade Menggunakan Variasi Kombinasi Refrigeran. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Perkembangan teknologi refrigerasi memberikan keuntungan bagi manusia dalam proses penyimpanan dan pendistribusian bahan makanan. Salah satu cara penyimpanan bahan makanan dengan cold storage bertemperatur rendah dapat dipenuhi melalui sistem refrigerasi cascade yang memiliki keunggulan dengan penggunaan jenis refrigeran yang berbeda pada masing-masing sistemnya. Kebutuhan akan refrigeran menghasilkan emisi yang berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Penipisan ozon dan pemanasan global merupakan permasalahan utama dan serius untuk perkembangan industri pendinginan dimasa depan. Penggunaan refrigeran alami sebagai alternatif dapat mengurangi permasalahan tersebut dikarenakan tidak memiliki dampak buruk terhadap lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara termodinamika sistem refrigerasi cascade dengan menggunakan beberapa variasi kombinasi refrigeran alami dan memilih kombinasi yang terbaik untuk sirkuit sisi rendah (Low Side) dan sirkuit sisi tinggi (High Side). Analisis secara termodinamika telah dilakukan pada beberapa variasi kombinasi refrigeran meliputi R290/R717, R1270/R717, R744/R717, R744/R1270, dan R744/R290. Variasi dari parameter perancangan disimulasikan untuk mengamati pengaruhnya terhadap daya masukan kompresor dan koefisien performa (COP). Temperatur evaporator divariasikan dari -45 sampai -25 oC, temperatur kondensor divariasikan dari 30 sampai 50 oC, dan temperatur evaporator cascade divariasikan dari -25 sampai 0 oC, sementara perbedaan temperatur evaporator dan kondensor cascade sebesar 5 K. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan, kombinasi dari R744/R717 sangat mungkin diaplikasikan pada instalasi cold storage apabila ditinjau dari aspek kinerja dengan COP sebesar 2,558 dan daya masukan kompresor sebesar 26,809 kW, dari aspek lingkungan dengan 0 (nol) ODP dan GWP yang dapat diabaikan (GWP = 1), serta faktor keamanan yang masih dalam batas toleransi. Analisis secara ekonomis yang telah dilakukan pada investasi pembangunan cold storage ikan kapasitas 500 Ton menggunakan sistem refrigerasi cascade dengan nilai investasi Rp. 8.387.990.000,- menghasilkan Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar Rp. 8.862.059.863,- dan Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 26,28% serta Payback Period (PBP) didapatkan dalam waktu 4,78 Tahun.
The development of refrigeration technology provides benefits for humans in the process of storing and distributing food ingredients. One way of storing food ingredients with low-temperature cold storage can be met through a cascade refrigeration system which is a combination of two single refrigeration systems and has the advantage of using different types of refrigerants in each system. The increasing need for refrigerants produces emissions that have a negative impact on the environment. Ozone depletion and global warming are the main and serious problems for the development of the cooling industry in the future. Natural refrigerants as an alternative to reduce these problems have gained interest because they do not have a negative impact on the environment. This study aims to analyze the thermodynamics of the cascade refrigeration system by using a variety of combinations of natural refrigerants and choosing the best combination for Low Side and High Side circuits. Thermodynamic analysis has been carried out on several variations of the combination of refrigerants including R290 / R717, R1270 / R717, R744 / R717, R744 / R1270, and R744 / R290. Variations of design parameters are simulated to observe their effect on compressor input power and coefficient of performance (COP). The evaporator temperature was varied from -45 to -25 oC, the condenser temperature varied from 30 to 50 oC, and the evaporator cascade temperature varied from -25 to 0 oC, while the evaporator and condenser cascade temperature differences were 5 K. Based on the results of the analysis carried out, the combination of R744 / R717 is very likely to be applied to cold storage installations when viewed from the aspect of performance with COP of 2.558 and compressor input power of 26.809 kW, from environmental aspects with 0 (zero) ODP and negligible GWP (GWP = 1), and safety factors that are still within tolerance. The economic analysis that has been carried out on the investment in the construction of 500 tons of fish cold storage uses a cascade refrigeration system with an investment value of Rp. 8.387.990.000,- resulting in a Net Present Value (NPV) of Rp. 8.862.059.863,- and the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 26.28% and the Payback Period (PBP) was obtained in 4.78 years.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RTSP 623.853 5 Naz a-1 2019 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | sistem refrigerasi, cold storage, cascade, refrigeran alami |
| Subjects: | S Agriculture > SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263 Heat exchangers V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM485 Cold storage on ships. Marine refrigeration. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Naval Architecture and Shipbuilding Engineering > 36101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Nazaruddin Nazaruddin |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Aug 2021 01:10 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Aug 2024 03:34 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/60920 |
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