Penilaian Risiko Kebakaran Dan Ledakan Pada Proses Loading Raffinate–1 Ke Kapal Di Terminal Pabrik Pt. Chandra Asri Petrochemical

Kusuma, Ngakan Putu Prajna Pratistitha Nata (2019) Penilaian Risiko Kebakaran Dan Ledakan Pada Proses Loading Raffinate–1 Ke Kapal Di Terminal Pabrik Pt. Chandra Asri Petrochemical. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

PT. Chandra Asri Petrochemical adalah salah satu perusahaan industri petrokimia yang mengolah dan menghasilkan produk kimia berbahaya berupa raffinate-1. Menurut peraturan Keputusan Menteri Tenaga Kerja Republik Indonesia (KEPMENAKER RI) No. 187 tahun 1999, tempat kerja atau industri yang pada berperan dalam kegiatan menerima, menyimpan, mengolah dan mengedarkan bahan-bahan kimia yang bersifat berbahaya berpotensi menimbulkan risiko kebakaran dan ledakan sehingga harus dilakukan penilaian risiko. Penilaian risiko yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk melakukan perbandingan pada penilaian risiko yang telah ada dengan penilaian risiko baru menggunakan metode yang berbeda. Penilaian risiko dilakukan dengan beberapa proses dan metode diantaranya, identifikasi bahaya menggunakan metode Hazard and Operability (HAZOP), analisa frekuensi kejadian kebocoran menggunakan metode Fault Tree Analisis (FTA), Analisa frekuensi kejadian bahaya menggunakan metode Event Tree Analysis (ETA), analisa konsekuensi menggunakan metode Dow’s Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI), sehingga dapat dilakukan penilaian tingkat risiko menggunakan matriks risiko perusahaan PT.CAP. Hasil dari penilaian risiko pada tingkat risiko yang tidak dapat diterima (unacceptable risk) dibuatkan rencana mitigasi dengan metode Layers of Protection Analysis (LOPA). Hasil analisa dan penilaian risiko menunjukan terdapat 5 skenario skenario bahaya yang unacceptable risk pada daerah node 1 dan node 2 (sistem tangki FB 8702 dan FB 8703). Skenario bahaya ini di inisiasi oleh penyalaan pada kebocoran langsung dan kontinu pada diameter kebocoran 1-3 mm dengan frekuensi kejadian kebocoran paling besar 5,0 x 10-2 dan diameter kebocoran 3-10mm dengan frekuensi kejadian kebocoran paling besar 4,2 x 10-2. Skenario kejadian bahaya ini diantaranya berupa Uncontained Vapour Cloud Explosion (UCVE) dengan frekuensi kejadian paling besar 3,4 x 10-2 dan flash fire dengan frekuensi kejadian paling besar 6,8 x 10-2. Setelah dilakukan analisa mitigasi, menghasilkan rekomendasi instasalasi IPL yang ditambahkan diantaranya berupa SIS bertipe combustible gas detector sebagai leak detection alarm, fire-resistant insulation and cladding on vessel dan flame arrester untuk mengurangi frekuensi dan konsekuensi kejadian bahaya. Hasil dari rekomendasi instalasi IPL ini mengurangi frekuensi kejadian UCVE dari 3,4 x 10-2 menjadi 3,4 x 10-5 dan frekuensi kejadian flash fire paling besar yakni 6,8 x 10-2 menjadi 6,8 x 10-5. Instalasi IPL juga mengurangi dampak kerugian kehilangan hari produksi atau downtime paling besar yakni 30 hari menjadi 8 hari. Setelah dilakukan mitigasi pada setiap kejadian bahaya berkategori unacceptable risk, kategori tingkat risiko menjadi berada pada tingkat transition risk sehingga risiko dapat diterima.
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PT. Chandra Asri Petrochemical is one of the petrochemical industry companies that process and produce hazardous chemical products in the form of raffinate-1. According to the regulations Decree of the Minister of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia (KEPMENAKER RI) No. 187 of 1999, a workplace or industry that plays a role in the activities of receiving, storing, processing and circulating hazardous chemicals that have the potential of fire and explosion risk, a risk assessment must be conducted. The research study of risk assessment conducted in order to compare existing risk assessments with new risk assessments using different methods. Risk assessment is carried out by several processes and methods including identification of hazards using the Hazard and Operability (HAZOP), frequency analysis of leakage events using the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method, frequency analysis of hazard events using the Event Tree Analysis (ETA) method, consequence analysis using Dow's Fire and Explosion Index (F & EI) method, in the result the risk level assessment can be determined using the PT.CAP company risk matrix. The results of a risk assessment at each of the hazard scenario at unacceptable risk level must conduct a mitigation plan using the Layers of Protection Analysis (LOPA) method. The results of analysis and risk assessment shows that there are 5 unacceptable risk scenarios in node 1 and node 2 (FB 8702 and FB 8703 tank systems). This hazard scenario is initiated by ignition of instantaneous and continuous leakage at a leakage diameter of 1-3 mm with a leakage frequency of at most 5.0 x 10-2 and a leakage diameter of 3-10 mm with a frequency of leakage occurrences of at most 4.2 x 10- 2. These hazard events include Uncontained Vapor Cloud Explosion (UCVE) with the highest frequency of occurrences of 3.4 x 10-2 and flash fire with the highest frequency of occurrence of 6.8 x 10-2. After mitigation analysis, the recommended IPL installation are included in the form of SIS combustible gas detector as leak detection alarm, fire-resistant insulation and cladding on vessels and flame arresters to reduce the frequency and consequences of hazard events. The results of this IPL installation recommendation reduce the frequency of UCVE events from 3.4 x 10-2 to 3.4 x 10-5 and the highest frequency of flash fire events is 6.8 x 10-2 to 6.8 x 10-5. The IPL installation also reduces the plant shutdown period or downtime, which is from 30 days to 8 days. After mitigation on every hazard event in the category of unacceptable risk, the risk level category in all hazard events becomes at the level of the transition risk so that the risk is acceptable.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Additional Information:	RSSP 623.888 1 Kus p-1 2019
Uncontrolled Keywords:	fire risk assessment, HAZOP, FTA, ETA, dow’s fire and explosion index
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VK > VK1258 Ships--Fires and fire prevention V Naval Science > VK
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ngakan Putu Prajna P.N.K
Date Deposited:	19 Oct 2021 05:12
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2021 05:12
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/61412

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