Implementasi Pemilihan Rute Pada Ad-hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) berdasarkan Link Coefficient di Lingkungan VANETs

Putra, Rizaldy Primanta (2019) Implementasi Pemilihan Rute Pada Ad-hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) berdasarkan Link Coefficient di Lingkungan VANETs. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Ad Hoc Network adalah jaringan nirkabel yang terdiri dari kumpulan node yang bergerak (mobile station) yang bersifat dinamis dan spontan, dapat diaplikasikan di mana pun tanpa menggunakan jaringan infrastruktur yang telah ada. Contoh mobile station adalah notebook dan ponsel. Jaringan ad hoc disebut juga dengan MANET (Mobile Ad hoc NETwork). Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) merupakan pengembangan dari Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) dimana node memiliki karakteristik dengan mobilitas yang sangat tinggi dan terbatas pada pola pergerakannya. Ada banyak routing protocol yang dapat diimplementasikan pada VANETs, salah satunya adalah Ad hoc On demand Distance Vector (AODV). AODV merupakan salah satu routing protocol yang termasuk dalam klasifikasi routing protocol reaktif, sebuah protokol yang hanya akan membuat rute ketika node sumber membutuhkannya. AODV memiliki dua fase, yaitu route discovery dan route maintenance. Route discovery digunakan untuk meminta dan meneruskan informasi rute yang terdiri dari proses pengiriman Route Request (RREQ) dan Route Reply (RREP), sedangkan route maintenance digunakan untuk mengetahui informasi adanya kesalahan pada rute. Pada fase ini terdapat proses pengiriman Route Error (RERR). Pada kinerja AODV, rute yang dipilih adalah rute dengan jarak terpendek tanpa mempedulikan faktor lain seperti kecepatan pada node di rute tersebut, sehingga ketika sebuah node memiliki kecepatan tinggi, maka kestabilan link dalam jaringan bisa terganggu akibat perpindahan node yang cepat yang mengakibatkan routing overhead yang tinggi dan delay yang lama. Pada Tugas Akhir ini, dilakukan modifikasi pada route discovery berdasarkan Faktor Link Coefficient untuk mendapatkan rute terbaik berdasarkan Link Coefficient pada protokol AODV dalam proses route discovery. Pada modifikasi ini, paket RREQ akan di broadcast ke node tetangga, dan ketika node tetangga menerima permintaan rute, maka node tersebut akan melakukan perhitungan nilai link coefficient antara node sebelumnya dengan node tersebut. Ketika node destinasi menerima route request, maka akan dilakukan pengecekan terhadap jumlah hop count terlebih dahulu. Jika jumlah hop count kurang dari 10 maka, akan dilakukan reply terhadap rute yang memiliki hop count paling kecil dan jika jumlah hop count lebih dari 10, maka akan dilakukan reply terhadap rute yang memiliki nilai link coefficient terkecil dengan melakukan seleksi terhadap route request yang masuk. Hal ini dilakukan agar dapat meningkatkan kinerja protokol AODV untuk mencari rute dengan total link coefficient terkecil dengan cara memodifikasi beberapa bagian dari mekanisme pengiriman paket RREQ. Dari hasil uji coba, AODV yang dimodifikasi pada skenario grid berhasil meningkatkan nilai rata-rata Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) hingga 7,44%, menurunkan rata-rata end-to-end delay hingga 27,16%, dan penurunan nilai rata-rata Routing Overhead (RO) hingga 5,21%. Sedangkan pada skenario real berhasil meningkatkan nilai rata-rata Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) hingga 8,24%, menurunkan rata-rata end-to-end delay hingga 14,69% dan menurunkan rata-rata routing overhead sebesar 3,34%.
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Ad Hoc Network is a wireless network that consists of a collection of mobile nodes (mobile stations) that are dynamic and spontaneous, can be applied anywhere without using the existing network infrastructure. Examples of mobile nodes are notebooks and cellphones. The ad hoc network is also called MANET (Mobile Ad hoc NETwork). Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) is a development of Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) where nodes have characteristics with very high mobility and are limited to their movement patterns. There are many routing protocols that can be implemented on VANETs, one of which is Ad hoc On demand Distance Vector (AODV). AODV is one of the routing protocols included in the reactive routing protocol classification, a protocol that will only create routes when the source node needs it. AODV has two phases, namely route discovery and route maintenance. Route discovery is used to request and forward route information which consists of the process of sending Route Request (RREQ) and Route Reply (RREP), while maintenance routes are used to find out information about errors in the route. In this phase there is a Route Error (RERR) sending process. In AODV, the chosen route is the route with the shortest distance regardless of other factors such as speed on the node on the route, so that when a node has high speed, the stability of the link in the network can be disrupted due to rapid node movement which results in routing overhead high and long delay In this Final Project, a route discovery modification is proposed based on the Link Coefficient Factor to get the best route based on the Link Coefficient in the AODV protocol in route discovery processes. In this modification, the RREQ packet will be broadcasted to the neighboring node, and when the neighbors node receives its route request, the node will calculate the link coefficient value between the last node hop and the current node. When the destination node receives the request, it will check the number of hop counts first. If the hop count is less than 10, it will reply to the route that has the smallest hop count and if the hop count is more than 10, the route request will be replied to the route that has the smallest link coefficient value by doing a selection in the incoming route request. This is done in order to improve the performance of the AODV protocol to find the route with the smallest total link coefficient by modifying some parts of the mechanism for sending RREQ packages. From the test results, modified AODV in the grid scenario succeeded in increasing the average value of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) to 7.44%, decreasing the average end-to-end delay to 27.16%, and decreasing the average value of Overhead Routing (RO) up to 5,21%. While in the real scenario, it is succeeded in increasing the average value of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) to 14.69%, reduce the average end-to-end delay to 3.34%, and reduce the average of routing overhead to 3,34%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ad-hoc, VANET, AODV
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > T Technology (General) > T58.5 Information technology. IT--Auditing
Divisions:	Faculty of Information and Communication Technology > Informatics > 55201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Rizaldy Primanta Putra
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2026 04:18
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2026 04:18
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/65183

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