Pra Desain Pabrik Surfaktan Natrium Lignosulfonat (NLS) Berbahan Baku Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS)

Sandra, Maria Amelia and Zulkarnain, Wening Aulia (2019) Pra Desain Pabrik Surfaktan Natrium Lignosulfonat (NLS) Berbahan Baku Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia merupakan negara produsen dan eksportir kelapa
sawit terbesar dunia. Pada tahun 2016 Indonesia memiliki total 11,2 juta hektar lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Bagian terpenting dari pohon kelapa sawit tersebut adalah tandan buah segar (TBS). Setiap tandan mengandung 62-70% buah sawit yang dapat diproduksi menjadi minyak sawit sedangkan 23-30% sisanya adalah tandan kosong yang belum dimanfaatkan dengan
maksimal. Tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKSS) mengandung lignin, selulosa dan hemiselulosa sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan lebih lanjut salah satunya menjadi surfaktan Sodium Lignosulfonat (SLS). Bahan utama dalam pembuatan SLS adalah kandungan lignin dalam TKKS yang didapatkan melalui proses pulping organosolv menggunakan pelarut methanol. Proses ini kemudian menghasilkan pulp yang menjadi by product dan larutan black liquor yang mengandung lignin. Selanjutnya lignin dalam black liquor akan diendapkan menggunakan proses presipitasi asam yaitu proses isolasi yang dikembangkan Kim et al. (1987). Proses ini banyak digunakan untuk mendapatkan lignin dengan kemurnian tinggi. Lignin isolate ini kemudian disulfonasi dalam reaktor sulfonasi dengan ditambahkan reaktan Natrium Bisulfit untuk menghasilkan SLS. SLS yang larut dalam air ini kemudian dikeringkan untuk menurunkan kadar airnya dalam spray dryer.
=================================================================================================================================Indonesia is the world's largest producer and exporter of palm oil. In 2016 Indonesia had a total of 11.2 million hectares of oil palm plantation land. The most important part of the oil palm tree is fresh fruit bunches (FFB). Each bunch contains 62-70% of palm fruit which can be produced into palm oil while the remaining 23-30% are empty bunches that have not been utilized with
maximum. Oil palm empty bunches (TKSS) contain lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose so that they can be utilized further, one of which is Sodium Lignosulfonate (SLS) surfactant. The main ingredient in making SLS is the content of lignin in EFB obtained through the pulping process of organosolv using methanol solvents. This process then produces pulp which becomes by product and a solution of black liquor containing lignin. Furthermore, lignin in black liquor will be deposited using an acid precipitation process, an isolation process developed by Kim et al. (1987). This process is widely used to obtain high purity lignin. The lignin of the isolate is then sulfonated in a sulfonation reactor with sodium bisulfite reactant to produce SLS. SLS which dissolves in water is then dried to reduce its water content in the spray dryer.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Lignin, Natrium Lignosulfonat, Surfaktan, Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.3 Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Maria Amelia Sandra
Date Deposited:	21 Jul 2026 03:23
Last Modified:	21 Jul 2026 03:25
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/65491

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