Sofiansyah, Ari (2019) Analisis Risiko Pelepasan Gas pada Jaringa Pipa Gas Rumah Tangga Menggunakan Model Dispersi Gauss. Masters thesis, Intitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Program pemerintah tentang peralihan penggunaan Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) menjadi gas bumi, berkonsekuensi pada pembangunan saluran jaringan gas bumi ke rumah-rumah, salah satunya di Kota Surabaya. Jaringan gas bumi mengandung gas utama berupa metan (CH4) yang memiliki sifat mudah terbakar (flammable material) atau beracun (toxic material). Jaringan gas bumi ke rumah tangga memiliki risiko tinggi, salah satunya adalah kebocoran. Upaya penanganan yang tepat guna mencegah bahaya kebocoran gas perlu dilakukan agar tidak terjadi kerugian bahkan korban jiwa. Perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang potensi bahaya akibat kebocoran dengan estimasi sebaran gas sesuai meteorologi lokal dan analisis untuk antisipasi pengelolaannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Surabaya Selatan, karena wilayah ini telah memiliki jaringan dan jumlah sambungan paling banyak.
Penelitian ini memodelkan kebocoran gas pada pipa jaringan gas rumah tangga menggunakan persamaan Gauss. Model Gauss merupakan metode cukup baik atau sesuai dalam melakukan pemodelan karena dapat memprediksi dispersi gas dari berbagai sumber yang terjadi di atmosfer. Pemodelan untuk mengetahui persebaran dispersi gas, dengan mempertimbangkan faktor topografi dan stabilitas atmosfer. Variabel dalam penelitian adalah diameter lubang kebocoran pipa, kecepatan dan arah angin, stabilitas atmosfer. Hasil simulasi atau pemodelan yang berupa map dispersi. Analisis risiko menggunakan metode manajemen major hazard management worksheet plan oleh DNV-GL. Hasil pemodelan menyatakan bahwa dispersi kebocoran gas pada kondisi angin terendah memiliki hasil atau nilai konsentasi tertinggi dibandingkan dengan beberapa kondisi angin yang lain. Persebaran dispersi gas berdasarkan pendekatan arah dan kecepatan angin memiliki output yang berbeda. Kecepatan angin tertinggi 10,28 m/s memiliki zona sebaran gas toxic sejauh 13 m sampai 20 m, zona flammable 20 m sampai 30 m, zona aman diatas 30 m. Kecepatan angin rata-rata sebesar 3,21 m/s memiliki zona sebaran gas toxic 6 m sampai 13 m, zona flammable 13 m sampai 20 m, zona aman diatas 20 m. Kecepatan angin terendah sebesar 1,62 m/s memiliki zona sebaran gas toxic 3 m sampai 6 m, zona flammable 6 m sampai 13 m, zona aman diatas 13 m. Pola pergerakan dispersi gas mengikuti pergerakan udara (mengikuti arah angin), sehingga arah dan kecepatan angin memiliki pengaruh penting dalam pemodelan. Tindakan mitigasi yang direkomendasikan yaitu berupa engineering design, pemasangan methane detector, hydrocarbon detector, penambahan senyawa aromatic, sirine tanda darurat, dan pengadaan portable fire protection di radius jarak tertentu.
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The government's program on the transfer of the use of Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) to natural gas has the consequences on the construction of natural gas network channels to houses, one of them in the city of Surabaya. The natural gas network contains the main gas in the form of methane (CH4) which has flammable material or toxic material. The natural gas network to households has a high risk, one of which is leakage. Appropriate handling efforts to prevent the danger of gas leakage need to be done so that there is no loss or even loss of life. Research needs to be done on potential hazards due to leakage with estimates of the distribution of gas according to local meteorology and analysis in management anticipating. This research was conducted in South Surabaya since the region has the most network and the number of connections. This study models gas leakage in household gas network pipes using the Gauss equation. The Gauss Model is a fairly good or appropriate method in conducting modeling because it can predict the dispersion of gases from various sources that occur in the atmosphere. Modeling is carried out to determine the dispersion of gas dispersion by considering topographic factors and atmospheric stability. The variables in the study were the diameter of the pipe leakage, wind speed and direction, atmospheric stability. Simulation or modeling results in the form of dispersion maps. Risk analysis uses a major hazard management worksheet plan method by DNV-GL.
Modeling shows that the dispersion of gas leaks in the lowest wind conditions has the highest yield or concentration value compared to several other wind conditions. The distribution of gas dispersions based on the approach of wind direction and speed has different outputs. The highest wind speed of 10.28 m/s has a zone of gas toxic distribution as far as 13 m to 20 m, a flammable zone of 20 m to 30 m, a safe zone above 30 m. The average wind speed of 3.21 m/s has a zone of toxic gas distribution of 6 m to 13 m, a flammable zone of 13 m to 20 m, a safe zone above 20 m. The lowest wind speed of 1.62 m/s has a zone of toxic gas distribution 3 m to 6 m, flammable zone 6 m to 13 m, safe zone above 13 m. The movement pattern of gas dispersion follows the movement of air (following the direction of the wind) so that wind direction and speed have important influences in modeling. The recommended mitigation measures are engineering design, methane detector installation, hydrocarbon detector, addition of aromatic compounds, emergency sign sirens, and procurement of portable fire protection at a certain distance radius.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Analisis Risiko, Model Dispersi, Pola Pergerakan Dan Persebaran Dispersi Gas, Metana. |
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) > Q180.55.M38 Mathematical models T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD883.5 Air--Pollution |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ari sofiansyah |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jul 2026 07:38 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jul 2026 07:38 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/66611 |
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