Evaluasi dan Rencana Pengembangan Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum (SPAM) PDAM Kabupaten Buru Provinsi Maluku

Wael, Ilyas Akbar (2019) Evaluasi dan Rencana Pengembangan Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum (SPAM) PDAM Kabupaten Buru Provinsi Maluku. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

PDAM Kabupaten Buru sejak mulai beroperasi sampai dengan saat ini masih memiki banyak masalah dalam pelayanan air minum kepada pelanggan. Kualitas air PDAM Kabupaten Buru masih dikeluhkan pelanggan, karena terdapat kandungan kesadahan yang berkisar antara 164,5 - 313,5 mg/liter. PDAM masih melakukan sistem bergilir dalam penyaluran air ke pelanggan. Tingkat pelayanan PDAM Kabupaten Buru pada tahun 2018 masih 59,25%. Pada tahun 2018 PDAM Kabupaten Buru masih mengalami kerugian dalam usaha sebesar Rp. 6.059.591.658,21. Sumber daya manusia PDAM Kabupaten Buru masih minim, dari 44 orang pegawai, yang berpendidikan sarjana, berjumlah 6 orang atau 14% dari total jumlah pegawai.
Aspek yang akan ditinjau yaitu aspek teknis dan non teknis. Aspek teknis meliputi kondisi unit air baku, unit produksi, dan unit distribusi. Aspek non teknis yaitu aspek keuangan dan aspek kelembagaan. Aspek keuangan meliputi kondisi keuangan dan kelayakan investasi. Aspek kelembagaan yaitu struktur organisasi dan sumber daya manusia. Analisis didasarkan pada data primer dan data sekunder dari dinas terkait, data primer dengan melakukan survey kebutuhan nyata, dan survey lapangan untuk mengetahui kondisi eksisting SPAM, serta pengujian kualitas air. Rencana pengembangan akan disusun berdasarkan aspek teknis, aspek keuangan, dan aspek kelembagaan, setelah dilakukan analisis SWOT dan penilaian kinerja PDAM berdasarkan BPPSPAM.
Hasil evaluasi aspek teknis untuk unit air baku, masih terdapat kapasitas yang belum termanfaatkan 98,5 liter/detik. Kualitas air sudah baik. Jaringan pipa transmisi sudah memenuhi standar, sedangkan jaringan distribusi masih terdapat kecepatan dan tekanan yang kurang dari standar. Hasil penilaian kinerja PDAM menunjukan bahwa PDAM dikategorikan sakit (nilai < 2,2), maka perlu ditetapkan strategi untuk meningkatkan kinerja PDAM. Pengembangan dilakukan dalam dua tahap, dengan biaya investasi untuk pengembangan jaringan Rp. 7.690.261.149. Hasil kelayakan investasi menunjukan hasil sebagai berikut, (i) NPV bernilai positif, (ii) BCR > 1, dan (iii) IRR > 13%, maka dapat disimpulkan investasi layak untuk dilakukan.
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Since it started operation until now, PDAM Buru Regency have faced many problems in providing drinking water services to its customers. The water quality is one of the main issues since water hardness is quite high in a range of 164.5 - 313.5 mg / liter. PDAM Buru Regency is still implementing rotating service in distributing water to the customers. In 2018, the service level of PDAM Buru Regency is still 59.25%. PDAM Buru Regency suffered financial loss Rp. 6,059,591,658.21 in 2018. For the institutional aspects of human resources, PDAM Buru Regency still lack of high educated employees with only 6 out of 44 total employees (14%) have college degree.
The technical aspects include the condition of the raw water unit, production unit, and distribution unit. Non-technical aspects including financial aspects and institutional aspects. Financial aspects cover financial conditions and investment feasibility, meanwhile, institutional aspects provide organizational structure and human resources. The analysis is based on primary data and secondary data from related agencies, primary data by conducting a real needs survey, and field surveys to determine the existing conditions of drinking water supply system (SPAM), as well as testing water quality. The development plan will be prepared based on technical aspects, financial aspects, and institutional aspects, after a SWOT analysis and PDAM performance evaluation based on BPPSPAM are conducted.
Technical aspects evaluation for the raw water unit indicate these following results: water capacity of 98.5 liters/second has not been utilized, the water quality is good. The pipeline has fulfilled the conditions for speed and pressure on the pipeline, while the distribution network still has speeds and pressure that are less than the minimum standard. The results of the PDAM performance appraisal show that the PDAM is categorized as sick (value <2.2), so a strategy is needed to improve PDAM performance. The development was carried out in two stages, with investment costs for network development of Rp. 7.690.261.149. The results of investment feasibility show the following results, (i) NPV is positive, (ii) BCR > 1, and (iii) IRR > 13%. It can be concluded that investment is feasible.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	evaluasi, PDAM Kabupaten Buru Provinsi Maluku, kontinuitas, sistem distribusi, SPAM.
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD259.2 Drinking water. Water quality
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Ilyas Akbar Wael
Date Deposited:	22 Jul 2026 04:33
Last Modified:	22 Jul 2026 04:33
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/66914

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