Karakterisasi AISI 316L Grade Implan dengan Penambahan Unsur Paduan Titanium dan Nitrogen

Putri, Tsuraya Mona Kesuma (2019) Karakterisasi AISI 316L Grade Implan dengan Penambahan Unsur Paduan Titanium dan Nitrogen. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kasus patah tulang yang terjadi di Indonesia merupakan salah satu masalah besar dalam dunia kesehatan. Berdasarkan data dari Departemen Kesehatan RI pada tahun 2018 didapatkan sekitar 14.5 juta masyarakat mengalami kejadian fraktur atau patah tulang dengan penyebab yang berbeda-beda, beberapa faktor diantaranya adalah kecelakaan dalam kerja, kecelakaan lalu lintas, cedera saat olahraga dan lain sebagainya. Pada umumnya, dokter ortopedi akan melakukan prosedur pemasangan implan pada bagian tulang yang patah. Material yang biasa digunakan sebagai implan ortopedi adalah stainless steel AISI 316L. Untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanik dari implan stainless steel AISI 316L tersebut agar material implan memiliki kualitas diatas standar ASTM F138-13a “Standard Specification for Wrought 18Chromium-14Nickel-2.5Molybdenum Stainless Steel Bar and Wire for Surgical Implant (UNS S31673)”, maka dilakukan studi dengan penambahan unsur paduan titanium dan nitrogen ke dalam material implan stainless steel 316L. Produk implan tulang austenitic stainless steel 316L hasil proses investment casting diberi unsur paduan titanium antara 0.25 – 0.32%. Pada sampel yang lainnya, implan tulang austenitic stainless steel 316L diberi unsur paduan nitrogen 0.08 – 0.17%. Material yang telah diberi tambahan unsur paduan tersebut selanjutnya dilakukan uji tarik dan uji kekerasan, serta permukaan masing-masing material diamati mikrostrukturnya. Untuk mempelajari lebih lanjut pengaruh unsur paduan terhadap karakteristik stainless steel AISI 316L, maka sampel juga diberi perlakuan panas homogenizing pada temperatur 1150oC dengan waktu penahanan delapan jam dan didinginkan cepat menggunakan media air. Material kemudian kembali diuji kekerasan dan pengamatan struktur mikro pada permukaan material. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa setelah dilakukan pengecoran, nilai kekerasan dari material stainless steel dengan kandungan 0.25-0.32% titanium bertambah seiring dengan bertambahnya kandungan titanium. Hal ini berbeda dengan material yang sama setelah diberi perlakuan homogenization dimana nilai kekerasan cenderung mengalami penurunan dikarenakan bertambahnya persentase fasa α ferrite, Sedangkan nilai kekerasan pada material stainless steel dengan kandungan 0.08-0.17% nitrogen bertambah seiring dengan bertambahnya kandungan nitrogen. Hal yang sama terjadi pada material stainless steel dengan kandungan 0.08-0.17% nitrogen setelah diberi perlakuan homogenization, nilai kekerasan mengalami peningkatan karena nitrogen akan menstabilkan austenite sehingga akan menghambat terbentuknya fasa lain.
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Many cases of fractures that occur in Indonesia are one of the major problems in the world of health. Based on data from Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Indonesian Ministry of Health) in 2018, it was found that around 14.5 million people experienced fractures with different causes, some of which included accidents in work, traffic accidents, injuries during sports, and so on. In general, orthopaedic doctors will carry out implant placement procedures in the broken part of the bone. The material commonly used as orthopaedic implants is AISI 316L stainless steel. To improve the mechanical properties of the AISI 316L stainless steel implants so that the implant material has a quality above the standard ASTM F138-13a "Standard Specification for Wrought 18 Chromium-14 Nickel-2.5 Molybdenum Stainless Steel Bars and Wire for Surgical Implants (UNS S31673)", a study by adding titanium and nitrogen alloy elements to 316L stainless steel implant material. 316L austenitic stainless steel bone implant products which are the result of the investment casting process are added titanium alloy elements between 0.25 - 0.32%. In another sample, 316L stainless steel austenitic bone implants added nitrogen alloying elements 0.08 - 0.17%. Material that has been given an additional alloy element is then carried out tensile test and hardness test, as well as microstructure observations on the surface of each material. To further study the effect of alloying elements on the characteristics of AISI 316L stainless steel, the sample was also given homogenizing heat treatment at a temperature of 1150oC with a holding time of eight hours and cooled quickly using aqueous media. The material is then retested for hardness and microstructure observation on the material surface. The results showed that after casting, the hardness of stainless steel material with a content of 0.25-0.32% titanium increased with increasing titanium content. This is different from the same material after being treated homogenization where the hardness value tends to decrease due to the increase in the percentage of α ferrite phase, while the hardness value of stainless steel material with a content of 0.08-0.17% nitrogen increases with increasing nitrogen content. The same thing happened to stainless steel material with a content of 0.08-0.17% nitrogen after being treated homogenization, the hardness value increased because nitrogen will stabilize austenite so that it will inhibit the formation of other phases.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Additional Information:	RSM 617.882 2 Put k-1 2019
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kata kunci : orthopaedic implant stainless steel AISI 316L, investment casting, alloying element, homogenization
Subjects:	T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy > TN690 Metallography. Physical metallurgy
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Tsuraya Mona Kesuma Putri
Date Deposited:	21 Jul 2026 08:39
Last Modified:	21 Jul 2026 08:41
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/67388

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