WURYANINGRUM, NANDA DWI (2020) Analisis Frekuensi Tubrukan Kapal Dan Dampaknya Pada Pemenuhan Sarana Penunjang Pelayaran Serta Perubahan Rute Akibat Penetapan Tss Selat Sunda. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pemerintah Indonesia telah memiliki bagan pemisahan alur laut atau Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) untuk Selat Sunda dan Selat Lombok dari hasil keputusan sidang plenary International Maritime Organization (IMO). Penetapan TSS dimaksudkan untuk mengurangi frekuensi kecelakaan kapal di kawasan tersebut. Hal itu disebabkan karena setiap kawasan TSS mendapat perlakuan khusus yaitu pemenuhan sarana dan prasarana penunjang keselamatan pelayaran di area TSS yang telah ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak penetapan TSS di Selat Sunda terhadap frekuensi kecelakaan kapal yaitu tubrukan kapal. Tubrukan kapal umumnya terjadi di daerah yang memiliki kepadatan lalu lintas yang tinggi seperti Selat Sunda. Selat Sunda adalah penghubung antara Pulau Jawa dan Sumatera, juga menjadi penghubung antara Laut Jawa dengan Samudera Hindia. Karena terletak pada posisi yang strategis, maka Selat Sunda menjadi salah satu selat terpadat di Indonesia. Kepadatan tersebut memungkinkan untuk terus bertambah setiap tahunnya. Dengan tingginya angka kepadatan kapal yang ada, memungkinkan terjadinya tubrukan kapal. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini dilakukan kajian frekuensi tubrukan kapal untuk penetapan TSS. Skenario yang digunakan menghitung frekuensi tubrukan kapal adalah Head-On, Overtaking dan Crossing. Dalam proses perhitungan frekuensi tubrukan kapal menggunakan software IWRAP Mk II. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan frekuensi tubrukan kapal di Selat Sunda dengan menggunakan metode IWRAP didapatkan hasil frekuensi tubrukan kapal Head-On bernilai 0.003149 per tahun, Overtaking bernilai 0.070270 per tahun, dan Crossing bernilai 0.079589 per tahun, setelah ditetapkannya kebijakan TSS. Dalam proses implementasi kebijakan TSS tidak hanya dapat memperoleh keuntungan dengan berkurangnya frekuensi tubrukan kapal, namun juga ada pengeluaran biaya yang harus dilakukan untuk menunjang kebijakan TSS. Terdapat 2 poin biaya yang harus dikeluarkan yaitu dilihat dari pihak Pemerintah dan pihak Perusahaan Pelayaran. Dari pihak Pemerintah berupa investasi equipment penunjang keselamatan pelayaran seperti Vessel Traffic System (VTS), Stasiun Radio Pantai (SROP), Sarana Bantu Navigasi Pelayaran (SBNP) dan Peta Elektronik senilai Rp 82,607,950,000.00. Sedangkan dari pihak Perusahaan Pelayaran berupa biaya tambahan konsumsi bahan bakar kapal yang disebabkan karena perubahan rute pelayaran menyesuaikan desain TSS yang dalam perhitungannya menggunakan bantuan program virtual Google Earth dan metode Segitiga Bola. Kemudian dalam perhitungan estimasi konsumsi bahan bakar kapal menggunakan metode Trozzi dan didapatkan nilai biaya penambahan konsumsi bahan bakar kapal sebesar Rp 77,086,256,000.00 per tahun.
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The Government of Indonesia has adopted such routing measures namely Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) for the Sunda Strait and the Lombok Strait from the decision of the plenary session of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). TSS is intended to reduce the frequency of ship accidents in a certain area. That can be achieved because each TSS area will be treated specially by fulfilling the facilities and infrastructure to support shipping safety in the designated TSS area. This study aims to identify the impact of the implementation of TSS in the Sunda Strait on the frequency of ship collisions. Ship collisions generally occur in areas that have high traffic density such as the Sunda Strait. This strait is known as a link between the islands of Java and Sumatra, also a link between the Java Sea and the Indian Ocean. Because it is located in a strategic position, the Sunda Strait is one of the most populous straits in Indonesia. The density allows it to continue to grow each year. With the high density of existing ships, it is possible for ship collisions to happen frequently. So in this research, a ship collisions frequency study was conducted for the implementation of TSS. The scenarios used to calculate the frequency of ship collisions are Head-On, Overtaking, and Crossing. In the process of calculating the frequency of ship collisions, IWRAP software is utilized to make the calculation easier. Based on the calculation of the frequency of ship collisions in the Sunda Strait using the IWRAP software, the results of the frequency of Head-On collisions are 0.003149 per year, Overtaking is 0.070270 per year, and Crossing is 0.079589 per year after the TSS was determined. However, during the implementation of the TSS by the government of Indonesia, several expenses need to be made to support this TSS implementation. The expenses are divided into two categories, the first one is from the government’s point view, while the other one is from the shipping company’s point of view. In the first category, the government needs to do the investment to make some new facilities such as Vessel Traffic Systems (VTS), Stasiun Radio Pantai (SROP), Sarana Bantu Navigasi Pelayaran (SBNP) and Electronic Maps worth is IDR 82,607,950,000.00. Another aspect is seen from the shipping company’s point of view who have to spend more money due to the additional fuel consumption caused by the shipping route changes affected by TSS design, which in its calculations uses the assistance of the Google Earth virtual program and the Segitiga Bola method. Then in the calculation of the estimated fuel consumption of the ship using the Trozzi method and obtained a value addition fuel consumption of ship is IDR 77,086,256,000.00 per year.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | IWRAP, Selat Sunda, Traffic Separation Scheme, Tubrukan Kapal |
| Subjects: | V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM293 Shipping--Indonesia--Safety measures |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Nanda Dwi Wuryaningrum |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Oct 2024 06:26 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Oct 2024 06:26 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/73561 |
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