Arif, Vega Nabila (2020) Studi Eksperimen Peningkatan Kinerja Turbin Angin Savonius Dengan Penempatan Silinder Sirkular Didepan Returning Blade Turbin "Studi Kasus untuk Ukuran Silinder Pengganggu d/D = 0,5; y/D = 0,5; S/D = 2,0; Kecepatan = 3,8 m/s, 4,4 m/s, 5 m/s, 6 m/s, 7 m/s, 8 m/s, dan 9 m/s.". Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Seiring meningkatnya jumlah penduduk di Indonesia, kebutuhan energi yang dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat juga semakin besar. Dengan menurunnya jumlah produksi minyak bumi selama sepuluh tahun terakhir, dibutuhkan sumber energi terbarukan yang dapat menyuplai kebutuhan masyarakat. Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) no. 79 tahun 2014 tentang Kebijakan Energi Nasional, target bauran energi terbarukan pada tahun 2025 paling sedikit 23%. Menurut data ditjen energi baru terbarukan dan konservasi energi (EBTKE) pada tahun 2014, Indonesia memiliki potensi energi angin terbarukan sebesar 970 MW dengan kecepatan angin rata-rata sebesar 3 m/s sampai dengan 6 m/s. Dengan potensi angin yang dimiliki Indonesia, turbin angin jenis Savonius dinilai cocok untuk memanfaatkan energi angin yang ada. Peningkatan performa dari turbin angin Savonius dapat dilakukan dengan menambahkan disturbance body didepan returning blade turbin sehingga didapatkan nilai efisiensi yang lebih baik. Pada penelitian ini digunakan silinder sirkular sebagai pengganggu didepan returning blade turbin angin Savonius.
Studi eksperimen ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan turbin angin Savonius yang memiliki dua sudu dengan diameter sudu turbin (D) sebesar 167 mm, tinggi turbin (H) sebesar 298 mm, diameter poros (b) sebesar 19,56 mm, diameter endplate (D0) sebesar 320 mm, serta ketebalan sudu turbin (t) sebesar 3 mm. Silinder pengganggu yang digunakan pada eksperiman ini memiliki diameter (d) sebesar 83 mm, tinggi (h) sebesar 500 mm, dengan rasio posisi silinder pengganggu yang tegak lurus arah datangnya aliran angin dengan diameter sudu turbin Savonius (y/D) sebesar 0,5, rasio diameter silinder pengganggu terhadap diameter turbin angin Savonius (d/D) sebesar 0,5, dan rasio jarak antara pusat turbin angin Savonius dengan pusat silinder pengganggu terhadap diameter sudu turbin angin Savonius (S/D) sebesar 2,0 yang diletakkan di depan returning blade turbin yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan selisih gaya drag yang dihasilkan antara advancing blade dan returning blade. Pada penelitian ini digunakan pula axial fan sebagai sumber aliran udara dengan bantuan honeycomb yang berfungsi untuk menyeragamkan aliran. Pada penelitian ini digunakan anemometer untuk mengukur kecepatan aliran angin, torque meter untuk mengukur torsi statis, brake dynamometer untuk mengukur torsi dinamis, serta tachometer untuk mengukur kecepatan putar poros. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada kecepatan 3,8 m/s, 4,4 m/s, 5 m/s, 6 m/s, 7 m/s, 8 m/s, dan 9 m/s.
Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah penambahan silinder sirkular sebagai pengganggu didepan returning blade turbin pada posisi peletakan y/D sebesar 0,5, rasio ukuran d/D = 0,5, pada penempatan jarak silinder sirkular (S/D) sebesar 2,0 paling efektif menaikkan nilai dari CoP yang dimiliki turbin pada kecepatan angin 5 m/s atau setara dengan bilangan Reynolds sebesar 97000. Kenaikan CoP optimum yang dialami turbin adalah sebesar 1,76 kali dibandingkan dengan nilai CoP turbin tanpa silinder pengganggu. Selain itu dari penelitian ini juga didapatkan bahwa penempatan silinder sirkular didepan returning blade mampu menaikkan nilai torsi statis yang dimiliki turbin pada seluruh variasi kecepatan, sehingga turbin memiliki self-starting yang lebih baik.
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As Indonesian’s population growth has been increasing every year, the energy needs of the population have been increasing either. This happened along with the decreasing production of crude oil for the last ten years. In order to make sure the energy of the people is fulfilled, the use of renewable energy could be the answer. Based on the Government Regulation no. 79 in 2014 about the Policy of National Energy, the target usage of renewable energy by the year 2025 is about 23% among other energy sources. Based on Directorate of Renewable Energy’s (EBTKE) data that published in 2014, Indonesia’s wind energy has a potential of 970 MW with the general wind speed distribution range of 3 m/s to 6 m/s. With this wind speed distribution potential that Indonesia have, Savonius wind turbine is the wind turbine type that could operate in this average speed to fulfil the energy needs. Although it could be used in such low wind velocities, this type of turbine has the smallest amount of coefficient of power compared to other wind turbines. Therefore, the improvement of the Savonius wind turbine is needed to optimize its function due to the use of wind energy as one of the renewable energy source. Savonius wind turbine’s performance could be improved by placing a disturbance body in front of its returning blade so that the coefficient of power would be increased. In this study, a circular cylinder is used as a disturbance body in front of the returning blade of the Savonius wind turbine.
This experimental study is done by using a single-stage and double blades Savonius wind turbine with the size of its turbine diameter (D) of 167 mm, the turbine height (H) with the size of 298 mm, the shaft diameter (b) with the size of 19.56 mm, the endplate diameter (D0) with the size of 320 mm, and the thickness of the rotor (t) at the size of 3 mm. Meanwhile, the size of the disturbance body that used in this experiment has the size of diameter (d) of 84 mm and height (h) of 500, with the ratio of y/D at the amount of 0.5, d/D at the amount of 0.5, and also the ratio of S/D at the amount of 2.0 located in front of the returning blade that intends to increase the drag force’s difference that happens between advancing and returning blade. In this experimental study, the axial fan is used as a wind source with the help of honeycomb to uniforming the fluid flow. Also, in this study the anemometer is used to measure the wind speed; torque meter used to measure the amount of the static torque; brake dynamometer used to measure the dynamic torque, and tachometer is used to measure the speed of the rotating shaft. This experimental study is measured at the wind speed of 3.8 m/s, 4.4 m/s, 5 m/s, 6 m/s, 7 m/s, 8 m/s, and 9 m/s.
The results of this experimental study show that the addition of the circular cylinder in front of the Savonius wind turbine’s returning blade at the position of y/D 0.5; with the ratio of d/D 0,5; at the placement (S/D) of 2.0 most effective increasing the power coefficient of the Savonius wind turbine at the speed of 5 m/s which is also equal to the Reynolds number of 97000. The increasing of the power coefficient is as much as 1.76 times compared to the turbine’s power coefficient without the addition of the disturbance circular cylinder. Also in this experimental obtained that by placing a circular cylinder in front of the Savonius wind turbine’s returning blade, the amount of the static torque is increasing at all variance of the wind speed, this indicates the Savonius wind turbine has a better self-starting.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Turbin angin Savonius, Gaya Drag, Silinder Sirkular, Coefficient of Power, Coefficient of Moment, Savonius wind Turbine, Drag Force, Circular Cylinder, Coefficient of Power, Coefficient of Moment |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ828 Wind turbines |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Vega Nabila Arif |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Aug 2020 11:40 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Jun 2023 14:44 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/78583 |
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