Nisa, Choirotin (2020) Pengaruh Pra Perlakuan Asam Asetat terhadap Respon Tanaman Jewawut (Setaria Italica) dan Kajian Literatur Ekspresi Genetik Tanaman C4 pada Kondisi Tercekam Kekeringan. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kekeringan merupakan salah satu faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman pangan. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap cekaman kekeringan yaitu melalui pengembangan rekayasa teknik budidaya tanaman. Salah satu titik kritis budidaya tanaman terletak pada fase awal vegetatif. Jewawut (Setaria italica) adalah salah satu tanaman penghasil karbohidrat, kaya akan serat dibandingkan padi berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai makanan fungsional, terutama di daerah rawan kekeringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pra perlakuan asam asetat terhadap beberapa aksesi tanaman jewawut secara morfologi, fisiologi dan molekular setelah tercekam kekeringan. Asam asetat dalam penelitian ini diduga dapat meningkatkan sintesa asam jasmonat dan asam absisat yang selanjutnya meregulasi gen ketahanan dan sintesa metabolit tanaman yang berperan untuk meningkatkan resistensi tanaman terhadap kondisi kekeringan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan Pra perlakuan berupa penambahan asam asetat di tanah (15, 30, dan 45 mM) dilakukan pada fase vegetatif dua aksesi jewawut (GM dan PK). Selanjutnya, tanaman dicekam kekeringan selama 10 hari. Berdasarkan hasil analisa two way Annova didapatkan bahwa pra perlakuan AA pada kondisi kekeringan memberikan pengaruh secara nyata pada parameter morfologi yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan panjang akar. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi asam asetat menyebabkan penurunan pada panjang akar dan tinggi tanaman. Pra perlakuan AA pada kondisi kekeringan tidak berpengaruh pada parameter fisiologi yaitu KAR daun, total klorofil, dan karotenoid. Namun demikian, terlihat perbedaan pada tanaman jewawut yang diberi pra perlakuan AA 30 mM mampu mempertahankan KAR daun lebih baik sebagai respon terhadap kekeringan. Sedangkan hasil analisa pada bobot kering malai dan bobot kering tanaman memberikan pengaruh nyata terlihat pada pra perlakuan AA konsentrasi 45 mM. Pemberian pra perlakuan AA eksogen pada tanaman jewawut diduga dapat mengaktifkan gen promotor sehingga mampu meningkatkan ekspresi gen jalur biosintesis asam asetat yang menyebabkan tanaman lebih tahan terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Beberapa gen yang terlibat dalam kondisi tercekam kekeringan yaitu AOCs, COI1, JAZ, ALDH, PDC, TSPO, MYB, HSP21, ABI2, dan OST1.
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Drought is one of the external factors that affect the growth of food crops. One effort to increase plant resistance to drought stress is through the development of plant cultivation techniques. One of the critical points of crop cultivation lies in the initial vegetative phase. Jewawut (Setaria italica) is one of the carbohydrate-producing plants, rich in fiber compared to rice, has the potential to be developed as a functional food, especially in drought-prone areas. This study aims to determine the effect of pre-treatment of acetic acid on some accessions of Jewawut plants morphologically, physiologically and molecularly after being gripped by drought. Acetic acid in this research is thought to be able to increase the synthesis of jasmonic acid which further regulates the resistance genes and synthesis of plant metabolites which play a role in increasing plant resistance to drought conditions. The method used is the Pre treatment in the form of the addition of acetic acid in the soil (15, 30, and 45 mM) carried out in the vegetative phase of two Jewawut accessions (GM and PK). Based on the results of the two way Annova analysis it was found that the pre-treatment of AA in drought conditions significantly affected the morphological parameters, namely plant height, number of leaves, and root length. The higher concentration of acetic acid causes a decrease in root length and plant height. AA pre treatment in drought conditions did not affect the physiological parameters namely leaf KAR, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids. However, differences were seen in barley plants which were given a 30 mM AA pre-treatment were able to maintain better KAR leaves in response to drought. While the results of analysis on panicle dry weight and plant dry weight had a significant effect on the pre-treatment AA concentration of 45 mM. Pre-treatment of exogenous AA in Jewawut plants is thought to activate the promoter gene so that it can increase gene expression of acetic acid biosynthetic pathways that cause plants to be more resistant to drought stress. Some of the genes involved in drought-strained conditions are AOCs, COI1, JAZ, ALDH, PDC, TSPO, MYB, HSP21, ABI2, and OST1.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | asam asetat, cekaman kekeringan, ekspresi gen, jewawut, acetic acid, drought stress, gene expression, Jewawut |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QK Botany > QK710 Plant physiology Q Science > QK Botany > QK754.7.D75 Droughts. Drought tolerance |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Science > Biology > 46101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Choirotin Nisa |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Aug 2020 07:52 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Aug 2023 07:24 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/79845 |
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