Ariyanto, Maria Angelina and Zulfa, Ifada (2020) Pra Desain Pabrik Aluminium Oksida dari Bauksit dengan Proses Bayer. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Seiring dengan kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi di Indonesia, pertumbuhan ekonomi ditunjang dari beberapa sektor industri seperti industri makanan, manufacturing, otomotif dan industri kimia. Dengan semakin meningkatnya pembangunan industri di Indonesia, maka kebutuhan alumina sebagai bahan baku pembuatan aluminium, yang merupakan salah satu logam yang paling banyak digunakan dalam transportasi, konstruksi (atap, pelapisan dinding, jendela dan pintu), kemasan (kaleng, aerosol, foil dan karton) dan di sektor kelistrikan juga mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun. Kebutuhan Alumina di Indonesia lebih tinggi dibanding dengan produksi yang dihasilkan sehingga belum bisa memenuhi kebutuhan Alumina dalam negeri yang ada. Aluminium Oksida adalah senyawa kimia berwujud padatan, berwarna putih, tidak berbau, tidak larut dalam air, dietil eter dan etanol. Pembuatan alumina berasal dari bermacam-macam bahan baku seperti: bauksit, korundum, tanah liat, kaolin, anortosit, dll. Indonesia memiliki sumber daya dan cadangan bauksit yang cukup besar. Pada tahun 2016, total keseluruhan sumber daya bauksit Indonesia sebesar 941,24 juta ton dan cadangan 381,35 juta ton dengan kadar Al2O3 berkisar 27 – 55%. Proses pembuatan Alumina dengan proses bayer terdiri dari 4 tahapan proses yaitu tahap persiapan bahan baku untuk mengecilkan ukuran bauksit, tahap pengekstrasi alumina untuk menghasilkan natrium aluminat, tahap pengendapan untuk menghasilkan Al(OH)3 dan tahap kalsinasi untuk membentuk Aluminium Oksida. Pabrik direncanakan beroperasi pada tahun 2022. Berdasarkan data impor, konsumsi, produksi yang terus meningkat didapat estimasi kapasitas pabrik sebesar 270.000 ton/tahun. Lokasi pendirian pabrik direncanakan di Kabupaten Ketapang, Kalimantan Barat. Untuk dapat mendirikan pabrik Alumina dengan kapasitas 270.000 ton/tahun diperlukan modal total sebesar Rp 830.876.003.126,2,- dengan harga jual Alumina sebesar $930 per ton. Estimasi umur pabrik 10 tahun, sehingga dapat diketahui internal rate of return (IRR) sebesar 29,21%, pay out time (POT) 4,87 tahun dan break even point (BEP) sebesar 30,38%. ======================================================================================================================== Along with advances in science and technology in Indonesia, economic growth is supported by several industrial sectors such as the food, manufacturing, automotive and chemical industries. With the increasing industrial development in Indonesia, the need for alumina as a raw material for the manufacture of aluminum, which is one of the most widely used metals in transportation, construction (roofs, coatings, windows and doors), packaging (cans, aerosols, foils and cartons) ) and in the electricity sector it has also increased from year to year. The need for Alumina in Indonesia is higher than the production produced so that it cannot meet the needs of existing domestic Alumina. Aluminum Oxide is a chemical compound in the form of a solid, white color, odorless, insoluble in water, diethyl ether and ethanol. The manufacture of alumina comes from a variety of raw materials such as: bauxite, corundum, clay, kaolin, anortocyte, etc. Indonesia has considerable bauxite resources and reserves. In 2016, Indonesia's total bauxite resources amounted to 941.24 million tons and reserves of 381.35 million tons with Al2O3 levels ranging from 27 - 55%. The process of making Alumina with the Bayer process consists of 4 stages, namely the preparation of raw materials to reduce the size of bauxite, the extraction of alumina to produce sodium aluminate, the precipitation stage to produce Al(OH)3 and the calcination stage to form Aluminum Oxide. The factory is planned to operate in 2022. Based on data on imports, consumption and production, which continues to increase, the estimated factory capacity is 270,000 tons / year. The location for the establishment of the factory is planned in Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan. To be able to set up an Alumina factory with a capacity of 270,000 tons / year, a total capital of IDR 830,876,003,126.2 is required with a selling price of $ 930 per tonne of Alumina. Estimated plant age is 10 years, so it can be seen that the internal rate of return (IRR) is 29.21%, the payout time (POT) is 4.87 years and the break even point (BEP) is 30.38%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Alumina, Bauxite, Bayer, Alumina, Bauksit, Bayer |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD45 Technological innovations T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Maria Angelina Ariyanto |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Aug 2020 03:33 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Nov 2023 10:26 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/80106 |
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