Aini, Afrida Nur (2020) Produksi Biokerosin dan Biogasoil dari Minyak Bintaro dengan Proses Hydrocracking Menggunakan Katalis Ni-Cu/HZSM-5. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Catalytic cracking dan hydroprocessing merupakan dua proses yang digunakan untuk mengubah minyak nabati menjadi biofuel, gabungan dari kedua proses tersebut dinamakan reaksi hydrocracking. Minyak bintaro yang bersifat non-edible oil serta memiliki kadar minyak cukup banyak yakni sebesar 40% dapat direkomendasikan sebagai salah satu sumber minyak nabati yang dapat diolah menjadi biogasoil. Penambahan logam nikel (Ni) dan tembaga (Cu) ialah untuk memperoleh kinerja yang lebih baik daripada menggunakan satu jenis katalis. Preparasi katalis dilakukan menggunakan metode incipient wetness impregnation dengan variabel loading HZSM-5 (5%; 10%) dan ratio logam Ni-Cu (1:1 dan 1:2) Lalu dianalisa menggunakan BET, EDX, dan XRD untuk mengetahui karakteristik katalis. Dari hasil karakteristik katalis terlihat adanya penurunan luas permukaan HZSM-5 setelah penambahan bimetal Ni-Cu. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa partikel bimetal berhasil terdispersi dan masuk ke dalam pori-pori HZSM-5. Selanjutnya proses hydrocracking dilakukan dengan mencampurkan 2 gram katalis Ni-Cu/HZSM-5 dan 250 ml minyak bintaro ke dalam reaktor batch berpengaduk pada suhu reaksi 375˚C selama 2 jam. Produk cair yang dihasilkan dari proses hydrocracking dianalisa menggunakan GC-MS untuk mengetahui komposisi hidrokarbon. Spectra GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa pentadecane (n-C15) dan heptadecane (n-C17) adalah komposisi paling banyak dalam produk biogasoil. Variable katalis Ni-Cu/HZSM-5 dengan loading 5% dan ratio logam 1:2 menghasilkan selektivitas gasoil terbesar yaitu 92,65% sedangkan selektivitas kerosin terbesar diperoleh dengan penggunaan loading 10% dan ratio logam 1:1 yaitu 19,9%. Hasil studi kinetika menunjukan bahwa penelitian memiliki orde reaksi 1 dan nilai k sebesar 0,0031/menit atau 0,00155/(menit.gram katalis).
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The catalytic cracking and hydroprocessing technologies are two typical pathways for converting bio-oil to hydrocarbon biofuel if both of them combined, it called hydrocracking reaction. Bintaro oil is non-edible oil, it has oil content around 40% so it can be recommended as the source of vegetable oil to produce biogasoil. By combining nickel and copper metal catalysts, it is expected to show better performance than the use of individual metals or catalyst. The catalyst was prepared by incipient wetness impregnation with various HZSM-5’s loading (5%; 10%) and metal ratio (1:1 and 1:2). Then catalysts are characterized using BET, EDX, and XRD. The analysis result show, a surface area of HZSM-5 was decreased after the addition of bimetal Ni-Cu. This change indicates that Ni-Cu particles were successfully dispersed on the surface of the HZSM-5 and inserted into the HZSM-5 pore. Hydrocracking process is done by mixing 2 gram of Ni-Cu/HZSM-5 and 250 ml of bintaro oil into a stirred batch reactor for 2 hours at 100˚C. Hydrocarbon biofuel products are analyzed using GC-MS. Pentadecane (n-C15) and heptadecane (n-C17) were the most abundant component in gasoil, it shown by GC-MS’s spectra. The results of the experiment obtained Ni-Cu / HZSM-5 with a loading of 5% and metal ratio 1: 2 is the best condition used in the hydrocracking process of bintaro oil to produce biogasoil, i.e 92,65%. On the other hand, loading of 10% and metal ratio 1: 1 is the best condition to produce biokerosine, i.e 19,9%. Study kinetic on this experiment, shown it has first-order kinetic and value of k = 0,0031/minute or 0,00155/(minute.gram catalyst).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | hydrocracking, minyak bintaro, Ni-Cu/HZSM-5, biokerosin, dan biogasoil.hydrocracking, bintaro oil, Ni-Cu/HZSM-5, biokerosene, and biogasoil. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP159.M6 Zeolites T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.3 Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP692.5 Oil and gasoline handling and storage |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Afrida Nur Aini |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Aug 2020 01:23 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jul 2024 03:59 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/80276 |
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