Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Gradasi Aspal Porus Terhadap Parameter Marshall Dan Permeabilitas

Ayun, Qurratul (2021) Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Gradasi Aspal Porus Terhadap Parameter Marshall Dan Permeabilitas. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Genangan air pada musim penghujan mengakibatkan terjadinya kerusakan jalan dikarenakan dapat melonggarkan ikatan antara agregat dengan aspal. Genangan air juga membahayakan pengguna jalan raya karena jalan menjadi lebih licin dan dapat menyebabkan aquaplaning. Hal tersebut merupakan peristiwa meluncurnya kendaraan tanpa dapat dikendalikan karena adanya lapis tipis air antar roda saat permukaan jalan dalam kondisi basah dan berpotensi menimbulkan kecelakaan. Salah satu cara dalam mengatasi masalah tersebut dibutuhkan aspal porus yang memiliki kekesatan permukaan (skid resistance) untuk menghindari slip pada roda kendaraan. Aspal porus juga dapat mereduksi suara yang diakibatkan oleh gesekan antar roda dengan lapisan permukaaan aspal sehingga mengurangi kebisingan di jalan raya. Selain itu kadar rongga lapisan aspal yang tinggi diharapkan dapat berfungsi sebagai lapisan drainase agar genangan air diatas permukaan dapat diminimalisir dengan mengalirkan air dipermukaan jalan menuju saluran dibawahnya. Sistem drainase bawah permukaan (subdrain) tersebut digunakan untuk mendukung lapisan aspal porus dan penggunaannya sudah dijelaskan dalam manual desain perkerasan jalan tahun 2017.
Penggunaan gradasi yang memiliki presentase agregat kasar yang tinggi untuk aspal porus sangat diajurkan. Menurut Bina Marga 2018, gradasi yang memiliki agregat kasar yang lebih banyak adalah gradasi Stone matrix asphalt kasar (SMA). Oleh karena itu penelitian ini menggunakan gradasi SMA dan memperoleh 3 variasi gradasi, yaitu gradasi 70% kasar (atas), 73% kasar (tengah) dan 75% kasar (bawah) dengan penggunaan presentase fraksi agregat no.4 (4.75mm) – no.8 (2.36mm) yaitu agregat yang tertahan saringan no 4 (4.75mm) dan tertahan saringan no 8 (2.36mm) yang lebih banyak. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi pengujian karakteristik marshall dan permeabilitas.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi gradasi mempengaruhi karakteristik marshall dan permeabilitas. Dari karakteristik yang dihasilkan pada gradasi atas, tengah dan bawah hanya ada 2 variasi yang memenuhi untuk Kadar Aspal Optimum (KAO), yaitu gradasi 70% kasar (atas) dan 73% kasar (tengah). Dengan memiliki 2 KAO setiap variasi gradasi yaitu untuk gradasi 70% kasar dengan kadar aspal 5.55% dan 5.8%, kemudian untuk gradasi 73% kasar dengan kadar aspal 5.05% dan 5.55%. Hasil pengujian KAO untuk hasil terbaik adalah variasi gradasi 73% kasar kadar aspal 5.05% dengan nilai stabilitas 835.667 Kg, nilai VIM 6.254%, nilai VMA 17.638%, nilai Flow 3.440, nilai MQ 242.926 dan nilai permeabilitas 0.211 cm/dt.
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Stagnant water in the rainy season results in road damage because it loosens the bonds between the aggregate and the asphalt. It also endangers road users as the road becomes slippery and can cause aquaplaning. This happens when the vehicle is sliding uncontrollably due to a thin layer of water between the wheels when the road surface is wet and has the potential to cause an accident. One way to solve this problem is by applying porous asphalt which has skid resistance for the vehicle's wheels to avoid slipping. Porous asphalt could also reduce noise caused by friction between the wheels and the asphalt surface layer. In addition, the high cavity content of the asphalt layer is expected to function as a drainage layer to minimize the amount of standing water by flowing it from the road surface to the channel below. The sub-surface drainage system (subdrain) is used to support the porous asphalt layer and its use has been described in the road pavement design manual for 2017.
Porous asphalt has a high percentage of coarse aggregate. The use of grading which has a high percentage of coarse aggregates is highly recommended. According to Bina Marga 2018, the gradation that has more coarse aggregates is the rough stone matrix asphalt (SMA) gradation. Therefore, this study uses SMA gradations and obtains 3 variations of the gradation, namely 70% coarse aggregate (upper), 73% coarse aggregate (middle) and 75% coarse aggregate (bottom) with the use of aggregate fraction percentage no.4 (4.75mm ) - no.8 (2.36mm), namely the aggregate that is held by sieve no 4 (4.75mm) and held by sieve no 8 (2.36mm) which is more. The tests carried out include testing the characteristics of the Marshall and permeability.
The results showed that the variation of the gradations affected the Marshall characteristics and permeability. From the characteristics produced in the upper, middle and lower gradations, there are only 2 variations that meet the Optimum Asphalt Content (KAO), namely a gradient with 70% (upper) and 73% of coarse aggregate (middle). The two values of KAO; each gradation variation is for 70% coarse gradations with 5.55% and 5.8% asphalt levels, then for 73% rough gradations with 5.05% and 5.55% asphalt levels. The KAO test results for the best results are the variation of the gradation of 73% crude asphalt content of 5.05% with a stability value of 835.667 Kg, a VIM value of 6.254%, a VMA value of 17.638%, a flow value of 3,440, an MQ value of 242,926 and a permeability value of 0.211 cm/s.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Porus, aquaplaning, variasi gradasi , karakteristik marshall, permeabilitas, Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA),Porous, aquaplaning, variation of gradations, Marshall characteristics, permeability, Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA)
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA443.A7 Asphalt T Technology > TE Highway engineering. Roads and pavements
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	QURRATUL AYUN
Date Deposited:	03 Mar 2021 03:56
Last Modified:	03 Mar 2021 03:56
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/83232

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