Darusalam, Damar Akbar (2021) Studi Eksperimen Peningkatan Kinerja Turbin Angin Savonius Dengan Penempatan Silinder Sirkular Didepan Returning Blade Turbin “Studi Kasus Untuk Ukuran Silinder Pengganggu d/D = 0,2 Dengan Peletakan S/D = 1,1 Pada Kecepatan Aliran Udara U = 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9 dan 10 (m/s)”. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kebutuhan energi di Indonesia terus meningkat seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk tiap tahunnya. Peningkatan jumlah penduduk ini menyebabkan peningkatan konsumsi energi di Indonesia, dimana Indonesia menempati urutan kelima di Asia Pasifik dalam konsumsi energi primer. Energi primer Indonesia didominasi oleh energi fosil yang jumlahnya kian terbatas. Permasalahan diatas menyebabkan para peneliti dan ilmuwan mencari alternatif berupa energi terbarukan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pengganti energi fosil yaitu energi angin. Kecepatan angin rata-rata di Indonesia sebesar 2 m/s sampai dengan 6 m/s. Untuk wilayah dengan kecepatan angin yang tidak terlalu besar ini sangat cocok dipilih turbin angin jenis Savonius. Turbin Savonius dapat ditingkatkan performansinya dengan menambahkan disturbance body didepan returning blade turbin yang dapat meningkatkan torsi sehingga mempengaruhi efisiensi dari turbin tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan silinder sirkular sebagai disturbance body yang diletakkan didepan returning blade.
Studi eksperimen ini menggunakan turbin angin Savonius yang memiliki dua sudu dengan diameter sudu turbin (D) sebesar 165,2 mm, tinggi (H) sebesar 294,4 mm, diameter poros sebesar 19 mm, dan diameter end plate (D0) sebesar 321 mm serta tebal sudu (t) = 4 mm. Silinder pengganggu memiliki diameter (d) sebesar 33 mm dan tinggi (t) sebesar 500 mm diletakkan di depan returning blade untuk mengurangi gaya drag pada sisi returning turbin angin Savonius. Axial fan digunakan sebagai sumber aliran udara dengan bantuan honeycomb sebagai penyearah aliran. Penelitian lakukan dengan menggunakan rasio diameter silinder terhadap diameter turbin d/D sebesar 0,2 dengan jarak yang konstan S/D = 1,1 dan variasi kecepatan aliran udara U = 4 ; 5 ; 6 ; 7 ; 8 ; 9 dan 10 (m/s). Alat yang digunakan untuk mengukur kecepatan aliran angin menggunakan anemometer, torsi statis menggunakan torque meter, pengukuran torsi dinamis menggunakan brake dynamometer, dan kecepatan putar poros menggunakan tachometer.
Hasil dari penelitian yang diperoleh adalah, pemberian silinder pengganggu didepan returning blade turbin mampu meningkatkan kinerja turbin angin Savonius. Diantara kecepatan angin yang diuji pada penelitian ini dengan pemasangan silinder sirkuler didepan returning blade dengan perbandingan d/D = 0,2 dan pada jarak S/D = 1,1 untuk kecepatan angin 4 m/s paling efektif dalam meningkatkan CoP dan CM, yang masing-masing meningkat sebesar 44,5% dan 22,3%. Selain itu, ditemukan pula bahwa adanya pemasangan silinder sirkular di depan returning blade dapat meningkatkan self strarting capability turbin, meskipun hanya pada kecepatan angin 5 m/s, hal ini dapat dilihat turbin mempunyai self starting capability untuk semua posisi angular sudu dari turbin.
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Energy needs in Indonesia increase along with population growth every year. The increase in population has led to an increase in energy consumption in Indonesia, where Indonesia ranks fifth in the Asia Pacific in primary energy consumption. Indonesia's primary energy is dominated by fossil energy, whose numbers are increasingly limited. The above problems cause researchers and scientists to look for alternatives in the form of renewable energy that can be used as a substitute for fossil energy, namely wind energy. The average wind speed in Indonesia is 2 m / s up to 6 m / s. For areas with wind speeds that are not too high, it is very suitable to choose Savonius wind turbines. Savonius turbine can be improved in performance by adding a disturbance body in front of the returning turbine blade that can increase torque which affects the efficiency of the turbine. In this experimental study,the circular cylinder is used for the disturbance body placed in front of the returning blade.
This experimental study uses Savonius wind turbines which have two blades with the diameter (D) of 165,2 mm, height (H) of 294,4 mm, the shaft diameter of 19 mm, and end plate diameter (D0) of 321 mm,blade thickness (t) = 4mm. The disturbing cylinder has a diameter (d) of 33 mm and a height (t) of 500 mm is placed in front of the returning blade to reduce the drag force on the side of the returning Savonius wind turbine. The axial fan is used as a source of air flow with the help of the honeycomb as a flow rectifier. This research was conducted using a ratio of cylinder diameters to turbine diameters (d/D) of 0.2 with constant S/D = 1,1 and variations in air flow velocity U = 4 ; 5 ; 6 ; 7 ; 8 ; 9 and 10 (m/s). The tool used to measure wind flow speed is an anemometer, measurement of static torque using a torque meter, dynamic torque measurement using a brake dynamometer, and a shaft rotational speed is measured by tachometer.
The result of the research is that the provision of a disturbance cylinder in front of the returning blade turbine can improve the performance of the Savonius wind turbine. Among the wind speed tested in this study, the installation of a circular cylinder in front of the returning turbine blade with a ratio of d/D = 0.2 and at a distance of S/D = 1.1 for a wind speed of 4 m/s is most effective in increasing the maximum coefficient of power and the moment coefficient, which was increased by 44.5% and 22.3%, respectively. In addition, it was also found that the presence of a cylinder in front of the returning blade can improve the turbine's self-starting capability, even at a wind speed of 5 m/s, the turbine has the self-starting capability for all blade angles position of the turbine.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Turbin Savonius, vertical axis wind turbine, silinder sirkular, coefficient of power, coefficient of moment,Savonius turbine, vertical axis wind turbine, circular cylinder, coefficient of power, coefficient of moment. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266 Turbines. Turbomachines (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ820 Wind power T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ828 Wind turbines |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | DAMAR AKBAR DARUSALAM |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Mar 2021 01:03 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Mar 2021 01:03 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/83376 |
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