Irawan, Andreas Tommy (2021) Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Variasi Timing Injeksi (Start Of Injection) Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Dan Emisi Mesin Diesel Putaran Konstan Dengan Bahan Bakar Campuran Dexlite, Ethanol, Dan Crude Palm Oil. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK
Indonesia masih bergantung kepada penggunaan bahan
bakar fosil (konvensional), khususnya pada bidang industri,transportasi, dan sistem pembangkit. Bahan bakar fosil bukansumber energi berkelanjutan (sustainable energy), sehingga ketersediaannya terbatas. Untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada bahan bakar fosil serta mengurangi dampak buruk pada lingkungan perlu dilakukan penelitian terhadap sumber energi,terutama yang terbarukan dan ramah lingkungan. Bioethanol adalah salah satu bentuk energi terbaharukan yang dapatdiproduksi dari tumbuhan. Sehingga penggunaan bahan bakar fosil dapat tergeser dengan adanya bahan bakar etanol ini. Tetapi,bahan bakar tumbuhan memiliki kelemahan yang mempengaruhi performa suatu mesin motor bakar, sepeti Cetane Number,CalorificValue, dll. Dibutuhkan rekayasa terkait bahan bakar dan engine tersebut. Terdapat beberapa teknologi bahan bakar yang sudah diaplikasikan, salah satunya adalah etanol sebagai campuran bahan solar. Penelitian ini akan diketahui bagaimana pengaruh perubahan timing injeksi (Start of Injection) sebagai rekayasa teknologi dan bahan bakar campuran Dexlite, Etanol, dan Emulgator Tween 80 terhadap unjuk kerja mesin dan emisi bahanbakar yang dihasilkan.
Penelitian dimulai dengan mencampurkan bahan bakar
Dexlite dengan variasi persentase Ethanol 0%, 10%, dan 15% dan Crude Palm Oil 5%, 7,5%, dan 10% dengan emulgator agar tidak terjadi separasi. Persentase emulgator dalam setiap campuran didapatkan dengan penelitian dimana setiap campuran emulgator memiliki 3 variasi persentase yaitu 2,5%, 5%, dan 10%. Selanjutnya campuran bahan bakar yaitu hasil pencampuran dengan emulgator yang memiliki tingkat separasi yang paling kecil akan digunakan sebagai bahan uji coba. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian campuran bahan bakar yang memiliki tingkat separasi paling kecil. Selanjutnya, disimpulkan campuran bahan bakar terbaik (tingkat emisi paling minimal), yang akan digunakan pada
bahan bakar uji dengan variasi timing injeksi. Kemudian dilakukan uji unjuk kerja dan emisi engine dengan variasi timing injeksi (Start of Injection) yaitu 15o, 17o
(standard) ,200, dan 23o BTDC.
Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan campuran bahan bakar
tertinggi dan terendah dengan parameter efisiensi termal yang akan digunakan untuk bahan bakar variasi timing injeksi. Efisiensi termal tertinggi pada timing injeksi standar 17o BTDC adalah campuran bahan bakar D77,5C7,5E15 dan efisiensi termal terendah pada timing injeksi 17o BTDC adalah D80C10E10. Rata�rata efisiensi Termal tertinggi pada campuran bahan bakar D80C10E10 dengan timing injeksi 23o BTDC adalah 13,89%.
Sedangkan rata-rata efisiensi Termal tertinggi pada campuran bahan bakar D77,5C7,5E15 dengan timing injeksi 23o BTDC adalah 18,71%. Seiring kenaikan timing injeksi maka unjuk kerja mesin diesel mengalami peningkatan dan smoke opacity yang dihasilkan akan semakin rendah.
Kata Kunci : Diesel, Etanol, Dexlite, Emulgator, Start of
Injection, Unjuk Kerja dan Emisi.
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Indonesia still depends on the use of (conventional) fossil fuels, especially in the fields of industry, transportation and power generation systems. Fossil fuels are not a sustainable energy source, so their availability is limited. To reduce dependence on
fossil fuels and reduce the negative impact on the environment, it is necessary to conduct research on energy sources, especially those that are renewable and environmentally friendly. Bioethanol is a form of renewable energy that can be produced from plants. So
that the use of fossil fuels can be shifted by the presence of this ethanol fuel. However, plant fuels have weaknesses that affect the performance of an engine combustion engine, such as Cetane Number, Calorific Value, etc. Engineering related to the fuel and
engine is required. There are several fuel technologies that have been applied, one of which is ethanol as a mixture of diesel fuel. This research will find out how the effect of changes in timing
injection (Start of Injection) as a technology engineering and fuel mixture of Dexlite, Ethanol and Emulgator Tween 80 on engine performance and resulting fuel emissions.
The research was started by mixing Dexlite fuel with various percentages of Ethanol 0%, 10%, and 15% and Crude Palm Oil 5%, 7.5%, and 10% with an emulgator to prevent separation. The percentage of the emulgator in each mixture was obtained by research where each emulgator mixture had 3 percentage variations, namely 2.5%, 5%, and 10%. Furthermore, the fuel mixture, which is the result of mixing with an emulgator that has the smallest separation rate, will be used as a test material.
Furthermore, testing the fuel mixture which has the smallest level of separation. Next,it is concluded that the best fuel mixture (the minimum emission level), which will be used in the test fuel with variations in injection timing.
The results of this study obtained the highest and lowest fuel mixtures with thermal efficiency parameters that will be used for fuel injection timing variations. The highest thermal efficiency at 170 BTDC standard injection timing is the D77.5C7.5E15 fuel mixture and the lowest thermal efficiency at 170 BTDC injection timing is the D80C10E10. The highest average thermal efficiency in the D80C10E10 fuel mixture with an injection timing of 230
BTDC is 13.89%. While the highest average thermal efficiency in the fuel mixture D77.5C7.5E15 with injection timing of 230 BTDC is 18.71%.As the injection timing increases, the diesel engine's performance increases and the resulting smoke opacity will be lower.
Keywords: Diesel, Ethanol, Dexlite, Emulgator, Start of
Injection, Performance and Emission.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Diesel, Ethanol, Dexlite, Emulgator, Start Of Injection, Unjuk Kerja, Emisi, Diesel, Ethanol, Dexlite, Emulgator, Start Of Injection, Performance, Emission |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ254.7 Combustion chambers T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ265.E23 Thermodynamics. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ799 Diesel motor--Electronic control. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Irawan Andreas Tommy |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Mar 2021 00:24 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Mar 2021 00:24 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/84091 |
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