Pra Desain Pabrik LPG (Liquified Petroleum Gas) dari Gas Alam

Muthiah, Salsabila and Gemelia Adina, Arsya (2021) Pra Desain Pabrik LPG (Liquified Petroleum Gas) dari Gas Alam. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Gas bumi merupakan energi primer ketiga yang paling banyak digunakan di dalam negeri setelah minyak bumi dan batubara. Untuk itu gas bumi memegang peranan penting dalam kebijakan bauran energi (energy mix policy) di Indonesia. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) terdiri dari campuran utama propana dan butana dengan sedikit presentase hidrokarbon tidak jenuh (propilen dan butilen) dan beberapa fraksi C2 yang lebih ringan dan C5 yang lebih berat. Senyawa yang terdapat dalam LPG adalah propan (C3H8), propilen (C3H6), iso-butan (C4H16) dan butilen (C4H8). Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 79 Tahun 2014 tentang Kebijakan Energi Nasional, pemanfaatan gas bumi domestik ditargetkan meningkat dari saat ini sebesar 19% menjadi 24% pada tahun 2050. Sebaliknya, pemanfaatan minyak bumi diturunkan dari saat ini sebesar 42% menjadi 20% pada tahun 2050. Produksi LPG cenderung terus menurun dimana pada tahun 2019, produksi LPG dalam negeri sebesar 1,96 juta ton. Sebaliknya, konsumsi LPG nasional terus meningkat dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan lima tahun terakhir sebesar 5,3% karena pertumbuhan penduduk dan pelaksanaan program konversi minyak tanah ke LPG. Maka dari itu, melihat permintaan LPG yang meingkat dan belum dapat dicukupi dari produksi dalam negeri, dibuat rancangan pra desain pabrik LPG dari gas alam dengan kapasitas produksi sebesari 65,64 ton/hari. Melalui metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dengan meninjau ketersediaan bahan baku, pemasaran, sumber energi listrik dan air, sumber tenaga kerja, aksesabilitas dan fasilitas transportasi, hukum dan peraturan, iklim dan topografi, lokasi untuk mendirikan pabrik terpilih yaitu berada di Kawasan Industri Gresik, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Kualitas LPG mix dari gas alam berdasarkan Kepdirjen Minyak dan Gas Bumi 116.K/10/DJM/2020 memiliki kandungan harus memiliki harus memiliki kandungan C3 dan C4 sebesar 97%vol. Produksi LPG ini meliputi beberapa proses diantaranya, proses acid gas removal, dehydration, LPG recovery dan fraksinasi. Analisa ekonomi dilakukan dengan asumsi modal awal yaitu 50% modal sendiri dan 50% modal pinjaman, masa konstruksi 2 tahun, laju inflasi 2% per tahun, bunga bank 10% per tahun. Dari analisa ekonomi yang telah dilakukan hasil dari Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) sebesar Rp 2.940.831.498.551; nilai Operating Expenses (OPEX) sebesar Rp 2.966.207.081.104; Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar RP. 836.184.02.897,9690 Internal Rate of Return (IRR) 16,9%; Pay Out Time (POT) 4,8 tahun dan Break Even Point (BEP) 53,5
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Natural gas is the third most widely used primary energy in the country after oil and coal. For this reason, natural gas plays an important role in the energy mix policy in Indonesia. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) consists of a primary mixture of propane and butane with a small percentage of unsaturated hydrocarbons (propylene and butylene) and some lighter C2 and heavier C5 fractions. The compounds contained in LPG are propane (C3H8), propylene (C3H6), iso-butane (C4H16) and butylene (C4H8). Government Regulation No. 79 of 2014 concerning National Energy Policy, domestic use of natural gas is targeted to increase from the current 19% to 24% in 2050. In contrast, the use of petroleum is reduced from the current 42% to 20% in 2050. Production LPG tends to continue to decline where in 2019, domestic LPG production was 1.96 million tons. On the other hand, national LPG consumption continues to increase with an average growth of 5.3% in the last five years due to population growth and the implementation of the kerosene-to-LPG conversion program. Therefore, seeing the increasing demand for LPG and not being able to fulfill it from domestic production, a pre-design of an LPG plant from natural gas was made with a production capacity of 65.64 tons/day. Through the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method by reviewing the availability of raw materials, marketing, sources of electricity and water, labor sources, accessibility and transportation facilities, laws and regulations, climate and topography, the location for establishing the selected factory is in the Gresik Industrial Estate. , East Java Province. The quality of LPG mix from natural gas based on the Decree of the Director General of Oil and Gas 116.K/10/DJM/2020 has a content of 97% vol. This LPG production includes several processes including, acid gas removal, dehydration, LPG recovery and fractionation processes. The economic analysis is carried out with the assumption that initial capital is 50% own capital and 50% loan capital, construction period is 2 years, inflation rate is 2% per year, bank interest is 10% per year. From the economic analysis that has been carried out, the results of Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) are Rp. 2,940,831,498,551; the value of Operating Expenses (OPEX) of Rp 2,966,207,081,104; Net Present Value (NPV) of RP. 836,184,02,897,9690 Internal Rate of Return (IRR) 16.9%; Pay Out Time (POT) 4.8 years and Break Even Point (BEP) 53.5

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Gas Alam, Minyak, Natural Gas, Oil, Production, Produksi
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Arsya Gemelia Adina
Date Deposited:	12 Aug 2021 03:08
Last Modified:	12 Aug 2021 03:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/85743

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