Adiningsih, Shafira Nur and Al'Barsyi, Muhammad Iq'bal (2021) Pra-Desain Pabrik LPG dari Gas Alam. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Gas bumi merupakan energi primer ketiga yang
paling banyak digunakan di dalam negeri setelah minyak
bumi dan batubara. Untuk itu gas bumi memegang peranan
penting dalam kebijakan bauran energi (energy mix policy)
di Indonesia. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) terdiri dari
campuran utama propana dan butana dengan sedikit
presentase hidrokarbon tidak jenuh (propilen dan butilen) dan
beberapa fraksi C2 yang lebih ringan dan C5 yang lebih berat.
Senyawa yang terdapat dalam LPG adalah propan (C3H8),
propilen (C3H6), iso-butan (C4H16) dan butilen (C4H8).
Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 79 Tahun 2014 tentang
Kebijakan Energi Nasional, pemanfaatan gas bumi domestik
ditargetkan meningkat dari saat ini sebesar 19% menjadi 24%
pada tahun 2050. Sebaliknya, pemanfaatan minyak bumi
diturunkan dari saat ini sebesar 42% menjadi 20% pada tahun
2050. Produksi LPG cenderung terus menurun dimana pada
tahun 2019, produksi LPG dalam negeri sebesar 1,96 juta ton.
Sebaliknya, konsumsi LPG nasional terus meningkat dengan
rata-rata pertumbuhan lima tahun terakhir sebesar 5,3%
karena pertumbuhan penduduk dan pelaksanaan program
konversi minyak tanah ke LPG. Maka dari itu, melihat
permintaan LPG yang meingkat dan belum dapat dicukupi
dari produksi dalam negeri, dibuat rancangan pra desain
pabrik LPG dari gas alam dengan kapasitas produksi sebesari
65,64 ton/hari. Melalui metode Analytical Hierarchy Process
(AHP) dengan meninjau ketersediaan bahan baku,
pemasaran, sumber energi listrik dan air, sumber tenaga
kerja, aksesabilitas dan fasilitas transportasi, hukum dan
peraturan, iklim dan topografi, lokasi untuk mendirikanii
pabrik terpilih yaitu berada di Kawasan Industri Gresik,
Provinsi Jawa Timur. Kualitas LPG mix dari gas alam
berdasarkan Kepdirjen MInyak dan Gas Bumi
116.K/10/DJM/2020 memiliki kandungan harus memiliki
harus memiliki kandungan C3 dan C4 sebesar 97%vol.
Produksi LPG ini meliputi beberapa proses diantaranya,
proses acid gas removal, dehydration, LPG recovery dan
fraksinasi. Analisa ekonomi dilakukan dengan asumsi modal
awal yaitu 50% modal sendiri dan 50% modal pinjaman,
masa konstruksi 2 tahun, laju inflasi 2% per tahun, bunga
bank 10% per tahun. Dari analisa ekonomi yang telah
dilakukan hasil dari Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) sebesar
Rp 2.940.831.498.551; nilai Operating Expenses (OPEX)
sebesar Rp 2.966.207.081.104; Net Present Value (NPV)
sebesar RP. 836.184.02.897,9690 Internal Rate of Return
(IRR) 16,9%; Pay Out Time (POT) 4,8 tahun dan Break Even
Point (BEP) 53,5 %
====================================================================================================
Natural gas is the third most widely used primary
energy in the country after oil and coal. For this reason,
natural gas plays an important role in the energy mix policy
in Indonesia. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) consists of a
primary mixture of propane and butane with a small
percentage of unsaturated hydrocarbons (propylene and
butylene) and some lighter C2 and heavier C5 fractions. The
compounds contained in LPG are propane (C3H8), propylene
(C3H6), iso-butane (C4H16) and butylene (C4H8).
Government Regulation No. 79 of 2014 concerning National
Energy Policy, domestic use of natural gas is targeted to
increase from the current 19% to 24% in 2050. In contrast,
the use of petroleum is reduced from the current 42% to 20%
in 2050. Production LPG tends to continue to decline where
in 2019, domestic LPG production was 1.96 million tons. On
the other hand, national LPG consumption continues to
increase with an average growth of 5.3% in the last five years
due to population growth and the implementation of the
kerosene-to-LPG conversion program. Therefore, seeing the
increasing demand for LPG and not being able to fulfill it
from domestic production, a pre-design of an LPG plant from
natural gas was made with a production capacity of 65.64
tons/day. Through the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
method by reviewing the availability of raw materials,
marketing, sources of electricity and water, labor sources,
accessibility and transportation facilities, laws and
regulations, climate and topography, the location for
establishing the selected factory is in the Gresik Industrial
Estate. , East Java Province. The quality of LPG mix from
natural gas based on the Decree of the Director General of Oiliv
and Gas 116.K/10/DJM/2020 has a content of 97% vol. This
LPG production includes several processes including, acid
gas removal, dehydration, LPG recovery and fractionation
processes. The economic analysis is carried out with the
assumption that initial capital is 50% own capital and 50%
loan capital, construction period is 2 years, inflation rate is
2% per year, bank interest is 10% per year. From the
economic analysis that has been carried out, the results of
Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) are Rp. 2,940,831,498,551;
the value of Operating Expenses (OPEX) of Rp
2,966,207,081,104; Net Present Value (NPV) of RP.
836,184,02,897,9690 Internal Rate of Return (IRR) 16.9%;
Pay Out Time (POT) 4.8 years and Break Even Point (BEP)
53.5 %
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Natural Gas, LPG, Distillation, Gas Alam, Distilasi |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muhammad Iq'bal Al'Barsyi |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Aug 2021 02:37 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Dec 2024 05:39 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/86059 |
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